Why learning a language is better than using machine translation

Charlotte Guest
Charlotte Guest
Students sat outdoors writing in notepads smiling

Reading time: 7 minutes

As technology and AI translation tools continue to advance, it's becoming increasingly tempting to rely on them for language-related tasks. However, this can potentially undermine motivation to learn a new language when technology seems to offer a shortcut. While machine translation can be helpful, it also has its limitations. 

Learning a language goes beyond just communication; it opens the door to different cultures, mindsets, and perspectives of the world. Machine translation, despite its efficiency, cannot replicate the cultural immersion that comes with learning a language. Spoken language nuances, idiomatic expressions, cultural references, and implicit rules that are second nature to native speakers are often lost in translation. Let's delve deeper into why learning a language is better than solely relying on machine translation.

Why learning a language is better than machine translation
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Common translation issues

Machine translation isn't 100% perfect yet

In recent years, machine translation technologies have made significant strides. However, they can still struggle to capture the intricacies of the source language and accurately convey them in the target language, such as idioms, metaphors and wordplay, often providing a literal translation that lacks context.

A lack of knowledge about the written language or cultural norms can lead to misinterpretations and misunderstandings. Employing effective translation strategies can help address these challenges, but that takes time, testing and resources. 

Some words and expressions, like the Danish ‘hygge,’ have no direct translation and can be lost in machine translation. Machine translation networks can interpret nearly identical sentences differently due to their sensitivity to small variations. This inconsistency, along with the potential inclusion of human biases from its learning data, makes the reliability of these translations questionable at best.

Machine translation can miss context

Context is paramount in effective communication. It’s the cultural, social and linguistic backdrop that gives words their full meaning. Unfortunately, machine translation often fails to take context into account, resulting in translations that can miss the mark.

As language constantly evolves, incorporating new expressions, grammar and slang, machine translations face challenges in keeping up. This one example highlights the risk of missing context in translations and underscores the need for human translators who can navigate these changes and understand the subtleties of language.

Also these systems may segment text improperly due to complex formatting, causing translations to lack context if they’re cut in the middle of sentences.

Cultural nuances can be overlooked

Another aspect where machine translation can struggle is in recognizing and accurately translating terms of address that can vary based on certain aspects unknown to it, like age, title, relationship or social hierarchy.

For example, languages like Korean and Japanese are particularly rich in this respect, with a complex system of honorifics that can change the entire tone of a conversation. These honorifics are deeply embedded in the culture and are a crucial part of respectful communication. They signal the speaker's relationship to the listener, their relative social status, and level of formality required by the situation.

Machine translation systems may not discern these kinds of subtleties, often defaulting to the most direct or common translations without considering the context. This can lead to significant errors in communication, as using the wrong term of address might be seen as rude or inappropriate by fluent speakers.

Machine translations can lack personality

While translation technology has come a long way in terms of accuracy and fluency, it still falls short when it comes to capturing the personality or "soul" of a text. Language is not just a set of rules and vocabulary; it is a living, breathing form of expression that conveys emotions, tone and the unique style of the speaker or writer.

Every language carries its own cultural weight and subtleties, which are often intertwined with humor, irony and personal flair. These nuances are what give a language its richness and depth, and they are also what machine translations most frequently miss.

When you read a beautifully crafted piece of writing, be it literature, poetry or a heartfelt letter, you are not just processing information; you are experiencing the author's personality and emotional undertones. The choice of words, the rhythm of sentences, and the use of literary devices are all deliberate choices made by the author to evoke certain feelings and reactions.

Machine translations however, tend to operate on a purely functional level, prioritizing literal meanings over stylistic elements, thus stripping away the original flavor and personality of the text. They may be able to copy someone's style of writing, but they need that initial dataset to pull from; without the data, a machine would struggle. 

Technology isn't always at hand to do the work for you

Despite technology simplifying language translation, it isn’t always available or dependable. There may be times when you don’t have access to the internet, when your translation app doesn’t work as expected or when there just simply isn't time. In these situations, knowing the language can be invaluable.

Being self-reliant in communication is crucial in a world where technology is constantly evolving. It’s about developing the confidence to navigate and use technology effectively without constant assistance. Just as we need to be self-reliant in using technology, we also need to be self-reliant in communication. And that means learning languages.

Advantages of learning a new language

Career opportunities

Proficiency in multiple languages can open up a wide range of career opportunities. Companies are on the lookout for multilingual employees for their capacity to foster positive client relationships and demonstrate cultural awareness. Bilingual individuals are particularly sought after in fields such as U.S. government agencies, the business market, engineering and the medical field.

Being bilingual not only gives you a competitive edge in the job market but also highlights your motivation and determination. These are qualities that employers value highly. Studies have also found that bilingual individuals have improved problem-solving and critical-thinking skills, which are highly valued across most career fields.

On top of that, bilingual employees can earn more money per hour on average than those who only speak one language (depending on the industry), according to various reports and research. So learning a language can literally pay off.

More genuine interactions

Learning a language involves more than just memorizing a word list. You’re delving into a new way of thinking and using new sentences and expressing yourself. You’re learning how to communicate more effectively and authentically with people from different cultures. And that can lead to more genuine and meaningful interactions.

There are lots of different approaches and techniques to studying and learning new words. But to truly master a language, you need to use those vocabulary words in context, to understand their nuances and subtleties. And that’s something that machine translation just can’t provide.

Ultimately learning a language goes beyond mere communication - it’s about making connections. It’s about understanding and appreciating the rich tapestry of human cultures and experiences. And it’s about enriching our own lives through the process of learning and discovery.

Personal Identity

Embarking on the journey to learn a language also paves the way for self-discovery. It helps shape our personal identity and gives us a deeper understanding of ourselves and the world around us. When we learn a new language, we’re not just learning a new way of communicating, we’re also learning a new way of thinking and viewing the world.

Being proficient in foreign languages can:

  • Broaden our cultural horizons and allow us to appreciate different cultural practices and worldviews

  • Encourage adaptability and openness to new experiences

  • Foster a global mindset

  • Promote personal growth through the development of discipline and the pursuit of continuous learning

The process of language acquisition can be a transformative experience.

Learning a second language is good for your brain

In addition to social and career advantages, learning a language also benefits your brain health. Research, such as the study conducted by Mechelli et al. (2004) in "Structural plasticity in the bilingual brain," has shown that bilingual individuals have denser grey matter in their brains, compared to monolingual individuals. This can enhance cognitive abilities, such as improved memory, better problem-solving skills and increased mental agility.

Regularly using a second language has been linked to a stronger memory, with research indicating better performance on memory tests among bilingual individuals, affecting both short-term and long-term memory, as suggested by the study conducted by Bialystok et al. (2004) in "Bilingualism, aging, and cognitive control: Evidence from the Simon Task". Learning a foreign language can also enhance communication skills, increasing empathy and the ability to see things from another perspective, which in turn benefits everyday communication.

Creativity is yet another domain where language learners show prowess. Studies have found that the process of learning a language seems to unlock creative abilities in problem-solving and flexibility, as indicated by research like that of Kharkhurin (2009) in "The role of bilingualism in creative performance on divergent thinking".

So, whether you’re looking to boost your career, expand your horizons or just keep your brain sharp, learning a language is a really good idea.

Should I be using machine/AI translations at all then?

By all means, machine translations can be a helpful aid in certain contexts, such as quickly understanding the gist of a text or facilitating basic communication in a pinch. They are convenient when you need a fast translation and are dealing with simple, straightforward sentences. However, they should not be relied upon for deep understanding or nuanced communication.

Consider machine translation as a supplementary tool rather than a substitute for learning a language. It is when the intricate layers of language come into play—such as idioms, cultural references, and humor—that human touch becomes indispensable. So use machine translations with caution and awareness of their limitations, especially in situations where accuracy and cultural sensitivity are paramount.

Conclusion

Learning a language offers students numerous benefits over machine translation. It opens up new career opportunities, fosters deeper connections, enhances cognitive abilities and contributes to personal identity development. While machine translation tools have their place and can be very useful, they can’t replace the rich and nuanced understanding that comes with learning a language.

It’s a journey of discovery, a way to broaden your horizons and a key to unlocking the knowledge of cultures, history and experiences. And that’s something that no translation system or tool can ever provide.

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    Fun assessment ideas for summer language classes

    By Charlotte Guest
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    Summer language classes can have a different feel from regular classes. Students may be taking a short course, preparing for a new school year or learning English as part of a summer program. Classes may also have changing attendance, different levels of ability or a more relaxed atmosphere.

    This makes summer a good time to try assessment activities that are active, creative and enjoyable. Assessment does not always have to mean a test or a worksheet. Simple classroom activities can help you check what students know, see where they need more support and give them opportunities to use their language skills in meaningful ways.

    Here are some assessment techniques to try in your summer language classes.

    1. Hold a language auction

    Turn grammar and vocabulary practice into a fun competition with a language auction.

    Prepare a list of sentences using language students have studied. Some sentences should be correct and others should contain mistakes.

    For example:

    • “She has lived here for three years.”
    • “I have went to the cinema yesterday.”
    • “They are going to visit their grandparents.”
    • “He don’t like playing football.”

    Put students into small teams and give each team the same number of imaginary points or a set amount of play money. Read out one sentence at a time. Teams decide how confident they are that the sentence is correct and choose how much they want to “bid”. The team that makes the highest bid wins the sentence, but they only keep their points if they are right. After each round, reveal the answer and ask students to explain why the sentence is correct or incorrect.

    This gives you a quick way to check understanding while encouraging students to think carefully about language. It can also reveal areas that need more practice. You can make the activity easier or harder depending on the level of your class. For beginners, focus on simple vocabulary or basic sentence structures. For more advanced learners, use more subtle grammar errors or ask teams to correct the sentences they think are wrong.

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    5 ways you can use your students’ holiday experiences in class

    By Charlotte Guest
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    After a long school break, students often come back to class with plenty of stories to tell. They may have traveled to another country, visited family, spent time at home, started a new hobby or simply enjoyed time with friends.

    These experiences can be a great resource for language learning. They give students something real to talk about and help connect classroom activities to their lives outside school.

    Here are some ways you can use your students’ holiday experiences to create engaging language activities.

    1. Create a holiday show and tell

    Show and tell is a simple activity, but it can give students lots of opportunities to practice speaking. Ask students to bring in an object, photo or drawing connected to their holiday. It could be a souvenir, a photograph of a place they visited, a book they read or even something they used during their break.

    Give students a few questions to help them prepare:

    • What is it?
    • Where did you get it?
    • Who were you with?
    • Why is it special?
    • How did you feel?

    Students can then present their item to a partner, small group or the whole class.

    For younger learners, you can provide sentence starters such as “I went to…”, “I saw…” and “My favorite part was…”. More advanced students can give a longer description or answer questions from their classmates.

    2. Turn holiday memories into a class map

    If your students traveled during the holidays, use their journeys to create a class map. Put a large map on the wall or display one on the board. Ask students to mark places they visited. They can then talk about their destination and how they traveled there.

    For example:

    “I went to Spain by plane. I stayed in Barcelona for five days.”

    Students can work in pairs to ask and answer questions about different destinations:

    • Where did you go?
    • How did you get there?
    • What did you do?
    • What was the weather like?

    You can also use the map to introduce or review geographical vocabulary, such as country, city, coast, island, north, south, near and far.

    If some students did not travel, make sure the activity includes other types of holidays and experiences. They could mark where they visited family, went on a day trip or spent time doing something interesting.

    3. Make a holiday class survey

    A class survey is a good way to get everyone speaking, even students who do not want to talk in front of the whole class.

    Give students five or six questions about their holidays. For example:

    • Did you travel?
    • Did you visit family?
    • Did you try a new food?
    • Did you watch a film or series?
    • Did you learn something new?
    • Did you play a new game or sport?

    Students move around the classroom and ask their classmates the questions. They record their answers and then use the results to create a simple class report.

    For example:

    “Ten students visited family. Six students traveled. Four students tried a new food.”

    This activity gives students a reason to repeat useful language several times. It also helps them discover what they have in common with their classmates.

    For younger learners, you could turn the survey into a simple “Find someone who…” activity. For example: Find someone who visited another country or Find someone who learned a new skill.

    4. Build a holiday story together

    Use students’ holiday experiences to practice storytelling. Start by putting a few prompts on the board:

    • Where? 
    • Who? 
    • What happened? 
    • Problem. 
    • Ending.

    Students choose a real holiday experience and use the prompts to tell their story to a partner.

    For example:

    “Last summer, I went to the beach with my family. We wanted to swim, but it started raining. We waited in a café and then the sun came out.”

    You can use the activity to practice past-tense verbs, time expressions and sequencing words such as first, then, after that, later and finally.

    You can also make it more creative. Students can take a real experience and change one detail. Perhaps their bus got lost, they met a famous person or they discovered a hidden treasure.

    This gives students a chance to use language creatively without needing to invent an entire story from nothing.

    5. Create a “holiday highlights” class display

    End your holiday activities with a class display. Ask students to choose one favorite memory from their break and write a short description. They could also add a drawing, photograph or small piece of artwork.

    Give students a simple structure:

    • My holiday highlight
    • Where
    • Who I was with
    • What happened
    • Why I liked it

    Put the finished work around the classroom. Students can then walk around, read each other's work and leave a positive comment or question.

    This activity can also become a useful reading task. Ask students to find someone who did something similar to them, find the most unusual activity or choose a memory they would like to experience themselves.

    Make the most of what students bring to class

    The first lessons after a holiday do not have to be about immediately returning to the textbook. Students' experiences can provide useful material for speaking, listening, reading and writing activities.

    Most importantly, remember that not every student will have had an exciting holiday or traveled somewhere. Some may have stayed at home, looked after family members or simply enjoyed having time to relax. Avoid making travel the only focus.

    Instead, give students different ways to talk about their break. A favorite meal, a new hobby, a film they watched or a day spent with friends can be just as useful for language learning.

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    Five speaking activities for your first day with a new primary class

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    Starting with a new primary class is exciting. It is also an important chance to build students' confidence and create a friendly classroom. Many children feel nervous on the first day, especially if they are learning English as an additional language. Simple speaking activities can help students relax, get to know each other and start using English naturally.

    The best first-day activities are fun, easy to understand and do not put too much pressure on students. They should encourage everyone to speak, even if they only know a few words or short sentences.

    Here are five speaking activities that are perfect for your first lesson with a new primary English class.

    1. Find someone who...

    This classic activity gets students moving around the classroom while practicing simple questions and answers.

    Before the lesson, prepare a worksheet with statements such as:

    • Find someone who has a pet.
    • Find someone who likes pizza.
    • Find someone who has a brother or sister.
    • Find someone who can ride a bike.
    • Find someone whose favorite color is blue.

    Students walk around the room asking questions like:

    • Do you have a pet?
    • Do you like pizza?
    • Can you ride a bike?

    When they find a classmate who answers "Yes", they write that student's name next to the statement.

    Why it works

    Students repeat the same phases several times, helping them remember key question forms. They also speak to many different classmates instead of only one partner.

    Tip: For younger or lower-level learners, use pictures instead of written sentences to make the activity easier.