Unsaturated fats
a. Have double bonds in their fatty acid chains
b. Have fewer fatty acid molecules per fat molecule
c. Are associated with greater health risks than are saturated fats
d. Are more common in animals than in plants

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of unsaturated fats: Unsaturated fats are a type of fat that contains one or more double bonds in their fatty acid chains. These double bonds create kinks in the structure, preventing the molecules from packing tightly together.
2. Analyze option (a): Double bonds in fatty acid chains are a defining characteristic of unsaturated fats. This is a key feature that differentiates them from saturated fats, which have no double bonds and are fully saturated with hydrogen atoms.
3. Evaluate option (b): Unsaturated fats do not have fewer fatty acid molecules per fat molecule. The number of fatty acid chains per fat molecule (typically three) is the same for both saturated and unsaturated fats. This option is incorrect.
4. Assess option (c): Unsaturated fats are generally considered healthier than saturated fats. Saturated fats are associated with higher health risks, such as cardiovascular disease, due to their ability to raise LDL cholesterol levels. This option is incorrect.
5. Examine option (d): Unsaturated fats are more common in plants than in animals. Plant oils, such as olive oil and sunflower oil, are rich in unsaturated fats, whereas animal fats, like butter and lard, are typically high in saturated fats. This option is incorrect.

Key Concepts

Unsaturated Fats

Unsaturated fats are types of fatty acids that contain one or more double bonds in their hydrocarbon chains. These double bonds create kinks in the structure, preventing the molecules from packing tightly together, which typically results in a liquid state at room temperature. Common sources include plant oils, nuts, and fish.

Fatty Acid Composition

The composition of fatty acids in fats can vary, with unsaturated fats generally having fewer hydrogen atoms due to the presence of double bonds. This results in a lower number of fatty acid molecules per fat molecule compared to saturated fats, which have no double bonds and are fully saturated with hydrogen atoms. This structural difference influences their physical properties and health effects.

Health Implications of Fats

The health implications of dietary fats are significant, with unsaturated fats often being considered healthier than saturated fats. While unsaturated fats can help reduce bad cholesterol levels and lower the risk of heart disease, excessive consumption of saturated fats is linked to increased health risks. Understanding these differences is crucial for making informed dietary choices.