Draw structures corresponding to the following names:
a. Octanal
b. Methyl phenyl ketone
c. 4-Methylhexanal
d. Methyl tert-butyl ketone

Question

Draw structures corresponding to the following names:

a. Octanal

b. Methyl phenyl ketone

c. 4-Methylhexanal

d. Methyl tert-butyl ketone

Accepted Answer

All right. Hi, everyone. So for this question, let s gets the structures based on the compound names below. Part one is Pentel part two is be phenyl ketone. Part three is 234, Trentino and part four is ethyl isopropyl ketone. So the first thing I want to point out here is that parts one and three are Iupac names, those two are Iupac names, whereas parts two and four are actually common names. Now, the Iupac names happen to correspond to aldehydes and the common names correspond to ketones as evidenced by the word ketone in the name. Now, the suffix A L at the end of the AEC name indicates that this is in fact an aldehyde. So let's go ahead and talk about the differences between these two functional groups. Both of them contain car bottles or carbon atoms double bonded to oxygen atoms. A ketone is characterized by having two r groups or two carbon chains on either end attaching to the car bono carbon. So that's the key toone, whereas the aldehyde is characterized by having at least one hydrogen attached directly to the carbon carbon. So because there has to be hydrogen on the carbon carbon for it to be considered an aldehyde. In an aldehyde, the carbonel group can only be terminal or at the very end of the carbon chain. Now, the common names of ketones use the names of the two och substituents branching off either side of the car bono itself. So let's go ahead and get started with. Part one here. So part one is Pinel. Now the prefix pent or pe nt indicates that the parent chain is five carbons long. And as discussed previously in order for this compound to be considered in aldehyde, the car bono has to be on carbon one of the parent chain or at the very end of the parent chain. So that completes the structure of part one. And now we can talk about part two, which happens to be Buro fan key up. So this means that we're going to have a car bal with two different alke groups on either side of it, one of them is a beetle group or a four carbon chain. So what I'm doing now is I'm going ahead and drawing the car bono carbon in addition to the four carbon chain attached to one side of it, because on the other side, we have a pheno group, which if you recall refers to a benzene ring. So on the other end here is a benzene ring. And so in between these two groups is the car bono to make my ketone So there would be your answer for part two. And now let's move on to part three. Part three is 234 tri methyl Penina. Now, in this case, our compound is going to look somewhat similar to the structure for part one, which was simply ping out. So I'm going to start by drawing out a five carbon chain with a car bono on position one at the very end. But in addition to having a five carbon chain and the carbo of the aldehyde, I do have substituents or other substituents I should say. Now, the phrase tri methyl in 234 tri methyl pentel tells me I have three methyl groups or 31 carbon substituents. One of them is on carbon tube, the chain, the other on carbon three and the other on carbon four. So that brings me to my last compound number four, which is echo isopropyl ketone. So in this case, one of my substituents is an eo group or a two carbon chain. So the first thing I'll do is draw out the car bono carbon and this ethel group on one side, on the other side is an isopropyl group, which if you recall is a branched three carbon chain. Instead of having a straightforward three carbon chain, the connection to the carbon carbon is actually via carbon two of the three carbon chain which creates a characteristic y structure. So in between these two is my car bomb and there you have it right. So here are the structure is four compound one through four. And so with that being said, if you stuck around to the end of this video, thank you so very much for watching and I hope you found this helpful.

Draw structures corresponding to the following names:
a. Octanal
b. Methyl phenyl ketone
c. 4-Methylhexanal
d. Methyl tert-butyl ketone

Verified video answer for a similar problem:

Key Concepts

Functional Groups

IUPAC Nomenclature

Structural Representation