Naming Ammonium Salts - Video Tutorials & Practice Problems

Common Naming Concept 1

In this video, we're gonna take a look at how to name ammonium salts. Now, ammonium salts sometimes called ammonium ions are compounds with one or more alke groups connected to a positively charged nitrogen atom. Now, here we're going to say the ammonium salts have a similar naming system to a means whereas a means we say substituent and then we end the name with a mean here we're gonna say substituent and end the name with ammonium ion. Now, before we continue, I know that ammonium also exists as NH four positive, we're not really concerned with that particular form of ammonium or concerned concerned with are the ones that are connected to carbons. All right. So that's where we're using the definition of an ammonium ion or salt is at least one alk group connected to a still positively charged nitrogen atom. So keep that in mind as we name these different types of structures.

Drawing Ammonium Salts Concept 2

Now, in addition to knowing how to name ammonium salts, it's gonna become important to know how to draw them. Now, recall nitrogen has a plus one charge whenever it makes four bonds. Here in this example, it says draw the structure for isopropyl phenyl ammonium ion. All right. So step one tells me based on the name, add the alkyl groups to the nitrogen atom, right? So here's nitrogen connected to it is an isopropyl phenol just means a benzene ring. Next, if the nitrogen atom isn't making four bonds, add enough each atoms until it does. So right now, nitrogen is only making two bonds, it needs to get to four. So we add two hydrogens and step three, we just add a plus one charge to the nitrogen atom because now it's making four bonds. So this would be the structure for our isopropyl phenyl ammonium ion.

IUPAC Naming Concept 3

Now, when it comes to naming ammonium salts, we're gonna say the set of rules for naming ammonium salts are similar to a means plus a modifier ending here, we're gonna modify the ending from a mean, which is what we'd have if we had a mean two, a minium because it's an ammonium salt. Now, now, just before we use the same naming convention, we de we designate the numerical locations of substituents. We talk about the location of the nitrogen which forms the parent chain and then we have the modified ending. We're gonna think of it if it wasn't a mean, it end with a mean. But because it's a positive nitrogen, it's an ammonium ion. So a mean changes to a minium. So if we take a look here, it says provide the systematic name for the following ammonium salt. All right. So step zero says that if it's symmetrical, we can follow the rules for naming them under common rules. But here it's not symmetrical. So we can ignore step zero. Step one, if asymmetrical, we have to identify the largest carbon chain connected to the nitrogen atom and name it as ammonium ion. So if we take a look here, we have an isopropyl, a methyl or methyl here, an ethyl here and a cyclops ring, the cyclops ring is the largest one. So here we end it with that. So we'd say cyclo cyclops. But if it wasn't a mean would end with a mean. But here we're really just changing the, the ending to a minimum. So that's the end of the name. Next, we're gonna say name other al Q groups, alphabetically. Oops. OK. So actually use numerical location to indicate location of nitrogen here. Since it's on a ring, we don't have to state a one cyclen minium. We don't have to do any of that stuff because it's on a ring. So we go straight to step two name other Alki groups alphabetically as and substituents if they are identical out kill groups, use numerical prefixes, die, try et cetera. Now, this great out box is just something we've always done when it comes to naming. And it's use commas to separate numbers from numbers and use dashes to separate letters from numbers, letters are not separated from letters, something we've always done. So it's something you should always have in the back of your mind. Now, let's talk about these uns substituents. So what do we have here? We have Methyl, we have Athol and we have isopropyl. So, alphabetical order Ethel first. So N Ethel, then I next N isopropyl and methyl cyclo pen 10 ami. It will be the name of the structure. So I know it's a mouthful in terms of this, but this is the way we'd have to name this particular ammonium salt using the IAC naming system.

Draw structure for N,N-diethyl-2-hexanaminium.

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• B.
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• D.

Draw structure for propylammonium ion.

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Provide the IUPAC name for the following ammonium salt.

• A. sec-butyl cyclohexyl ammonium ion
• B. N-isopropylcyclohexanaminium 
• C. N-cyclohexyl-2-propanaminium
• D. N-propylcyclohexanaminium

Which of the following represents m-bromo-N-ethyl-N-isopropylbenzenaminium?

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• B.
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• D.