For each compound shown next (a–d), indicate whether the compound is polar or nonpolar, and whether it is soluble or insoluble in water.
a.
b.
c. CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
d.

Question

For each compound shown next (a–d), indicate whether the compound is polar or nonpolar, and whether it is soluble or insoluble in water.

a.

b.

c. CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃

d.

Accepted Answer

Welcome back everybody. Our next problem says, consider the molecules given below classify each as polar or nonpolar and identify whether they are soluble or insoluble in water. We have four different molecules. And then our answer choice is A through D just are different combinations of whether our molecules are polar, nonpolar, soluble insoluble. So let's recall that the solubility in water is determined by the IMF forces those intermolecular forces and how similar they are to those in water. Since we know that like dissolves like as I say, so like dissolves like. So let's look at our first molecule. Our first molecule is just propane, three high three carbons and no oxygens, nitrogens, anything else? Just carbon and hydrogen. So this is a nonpolar molecule and as a nonpolar molecule with only dispersion forces available, this is not soluble in water. So number one will be nonpolar and insoluble. So we see in choice A number one says polar and insoluble but it is not polar. So choice A is incorrect. Choice B says number one is polar and insoluble. So cross that out choice CSIS number one is nonpolar and insoluble. So that is correct. And choice D says non polar and insoluble for number one. So it'll be either C or D. Now let's move on to molecule. Number two, we have a cyclohexane ring with two ethyl groups and one carbel group. So it's a ketone. This will be a polar molecule. Since oxygen is more electron than carbon, there'll be a dipole moment along that co double bond. It's not canceled out by dipole moments in opposite direction. So it is polar. However, the nonpolar part of the molecule, the hydrocarbon part of the molecule is much larger than that carbonel group. We have that whole ring and we have two ethyl groups. So this will be insoluble because that polar carbon bond is just not enough um to counteract the really large nonpolar portion. So number two should be polar and insoluble. So when we look at choice C, it has number two being polar and soluble. So choice C is not correct where is in choice D number two is labeled polar and insoluble. So by process of elimination, our correct answer is d just to work through everything. Let's look at our remaining two molecules. Number three, we have propanol, we have three carbons with a carbonel group in the middle carbon. So we have a ketone, this is polar, we have that dipole moment along our carbon bond. But in this case, the rest of the molecule, just two methyl groups is not enough to interfere with the ability of this to dissolve in water due to the capability for these polar interactions with water. So this is soluble. And we see that choice D indeed says number three is polar and soluble. Finally, we get to number four, we've got another carbonel group here and this is just methyl group with an aldehyde group. So again, not enough to counteract that polar carbon group. So it is soluble. And choice D says number four is polar and soluble. So we have our answer for correctly describing each of these molecules. In choice D number one is nonpolar and insoluble number two is polar and insoluble. Number three polar and soluble. And number four polar and soluble. See you in the next video.

For each compound shown next (a–d), indicate whether the compound is polar or nonpolar, and whether it is soluble or insoluble in water.
a.
b.
c. CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
d.

Verified video answer for a similar problem:

Key Concepts

Polarity

Solubility

Molecular Structure

For each compound shown next (a–d), indicate whether the compound is polar or nonpolar, and whether it is soluble or insoluble in water.a. b. c. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3d.

Verified video answer for a similar problem:

Key Concepts

Polarity

Solubility

Molecular Structure

For each compound shown next (a–d), indicate whether the compound is polar or nonpolar, and whether it is soluble or insoluble in water.
a.
b.
c. CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃
d.