Textbook Question
Identify the following compounds as primary, secondary, or tertiary amines.
a. CH3(CH2)4CH2NH2
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Ch.16 Amines
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of GOBISBN: 9780134015187
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Matter and Measurements27
- Ch.2 Atoms and the Periodic Table20
- Ch.3 Ionic Compounds8
- Ch.4 Molecular Compounds23
- Ch.5 Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions12
- Ch.6 Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships28
- Ch.7 Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rate and Equilibrium64
- Ch.8 Gases, Liquids and Solids24
- Ch.9 Solutions52
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases25
- Ch.11 Nuclear Chemistry22
- Ch.12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes57
- Ch.13 Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds47
- Ch.14 Some Compounds with Oxygen, Sulfur, or a Halogen50
- Ch.15 Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch.16 Amines42
- Ch.17 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives57
- Ch.18 Amino Acids and Proteins82
- Ch.19 Enzymes and Vitamins63
- Ch.20 Carbohydrates44
- Ch.21 The Generation of Biochemical Energy65
- Ch.22 Carbohydrate Metabolism45
- Ch.23 Lipids42
- Ch.24 Lipid Metabolism33
- Ch.25 Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism24
- Ch.26 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis45
Chapter 16, Problem 1b
Identify the following compounds as primary, secondary, or tertiary amines.
b. CH3CH2CH2NHCH(CH3)2
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Recall the definition of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines. A primary amine has one alkyl or aryl group attached to the nitrogen atom, a secondary amine has two alkyl or aryl groups attached, and a tertiary amine has three alkyl or aryl groups attached to the nitrogen atom.
Step 2: Analyze the given structure, CH₃CH₂CH₂NHCH(CH₃)₂. The nitrogen atom (N) is bonded to two groups: a propyl group (CH₃CH₂CH₂-) and an isopropyl group (CH(CH₃)₂).
Step 3: Count the number of alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom. In this case, there are two alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom.
Step 4: Based on the number of alkyl groups, classify the amine. Since there are two alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom, this compound is a secondary amine.
Step 5: Confirm your classification by ensuring that the nitrogen atom is not bonded to three alkyl groups (which would make it tertiary) or only one alkyl group (which would make it primary).
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Amines
Amines are organic compounds derived from ammonia (NH₃) by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms with alkyl or aryl groups. They are classified based on the number of carbon-containing groups attached to the nitrogen atom: primary amines have one alkyl group, secondary amines have two, and tertiary amines have three. Understanding this classification is essential for identifying the type of amine in a given compound.
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Amine Classification Example 1
Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Amines
The classification of amines into primary, secondary, and tertiary is based on the number of carbon groups bonded to the nitrogen atom. A primary amine has one carbon group, a secondary amine has two, and a tertiary amine has three. This classification affects the chemical properties and reactivity of the amines, making it crucial for determining the structure of a compound.
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0:56IUPAC Naming: Primary Amines Concept 2
Structural Analysis
Structural analysis involves examining the molecular structure of a compound to determine its classification and properties. In the case of amines, this includes identifying the number of carbon groups attached to the nitrogen atom. By analyzing the structure of the given compound, CH₃CH₂CH₂NHCH(CH₃)₂, one can ascertain whether it is a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine.
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