Name and draw the structures of the amino acids that fit the following descriptions:
a. Contains a thiol group

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the problem. The question asks for the name and structure of an amino acid that contains a thiol group. A thiol group is a functional group with the formula -SH, which is characteristic of certain amino acids.
2. Step 2: Recall the amino acids that contain a thiol group. In biochemistry, the amino acid cysteine is known to have a thiol (-SH) group in its side chain.
3. Step 3: Write the structure of cysteine. Cysteine has the following components: (1) an amino group (-NH₂), (2) a carboxyl group (-COOH), (3) a hydrogen atom, and (4) a side chain containing a thiol group (-CH₂-SH). These groups are all attached to a central alpha carbon.
4. Step 4: Draw the structure of cysteine. Represent the central alpha carbon with its four attachments: the amino group, carboxyl group, hydrogen atom, and the side chain (-CH₂-SH). Ensure the thiol group is clearly shown in the side chain.
5. Step 5: Label the structure. Clearly label the amino group, carboxyl group, alpha carbon, and the thiol-containing side chain to ensure the structure is complete and accurate.

Key Concepts

Amino Acids

Amino acids are organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins. Each amino acid consists of a central carbon atom, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a variable side chain (R group) that determines its unique properties. There are 20 standard amino acids, each with distinct characteristics that influence protein structure and function.

Thiol Group

A thiol group is a functional group characterized by the presence of a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom (-SH). In the context of amino acids, the thiol group is found in cysteine, which is notable for its ability to form disulfide bonds that stabilize protein structures. This group plays a crucial role in the biochemical properties of proteins.

Structural Representation of Amino Acids

The structural representation of amino acids typically includes a central carbon atom (alpha carbon) connected to an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a side chain (R group). Drawing these structures involves depicting the connectivity of these groups, which is essential for understanding the chemical behavior and interactions of the amino acids in biological systems.