Identify each of the following bases as a purine or a pyrimidine:

b.

Identify each of the following bases as a purine or a pyrimidine:

a. guanine

Identify each of the following as a nucleoside or a nucleotide:

b. deoxycytidine

Identify each of the following as a nucleoside or a nucleotide:

d. cytidine monophosphate

Identify each of the following as a nucleoside or a nucleotide:

b. guanosine

State whether each of the following components is present in DNA only, RNA only, or both DNA and RNA:

c. deoxycytidine monophosphate

State whether each of the following components is present in DNA only, RNA only, or both DNA and RNA:

c. uracil

In the genetic disease uridine monophosphate synthase deficiency, symptoms include anemia, cardiac malformations, and infections. Draw the condensed structural formula for uridine monophosphate.

A deficiency of the enzyme adenine transferase causes a lack of adenine for purine synthesis and a high level of adenine in the urine. Draw the condensed structural formula for adenosine monophosphate.

What nucleic acid subunits are connected in a phosphodiester linkage in a polynucleotide?

What components join together to form the backbone of a nucleic acid?

What component in a nucleic acid determines the 5' free end?

Draw the condensed structural formula for the dinucleotide G C that would be in RNA.

List three structural characteristics of DNA.

How are the two strands of nucleic acid in DNA held together?

Write the base sequence in a complementary DNA segment if each original segment has the following base sequence:

d. C T G T A T A C G T T A

Write the base sequence in a complementary DNA segment if each original segment has the following base sequence:

d. A T A T G C G C T A A A

What is the function of the enzyme helicase in DNA replication?

What process ensures that the replication of DNA produces identical copies?

How many daughter strands are formed during the replication of DNA?

What are the three different types of RNA?

Write the corresponding section of mRNA produced from the following section of DNA template strand:

C C G A A G G T T C A C

What amino acid is coded for by each of the following mRNA codons?

c. CGG

The codons UGA, UAA, and UAG do not code for amino acids. What is their role as codons in mRNA?

What is the difference between a codon and an anticodon?

Why are there at least 20 different tRNAs?

What are the three steps of translation?

Where does protein synthesis take place?

Use three-letter and one-letter abbreviations to write the amino acid sequence for the peptide from each of the following mRNA sequences:

a. ACC ACA ACU

Use three-letter and one-letter abbreviations to write the amino acid sequence for the peptide from each of the following mRNA sequences:

c. UAC GGG AGA UGU