The vaporization of Br₂ from the liquid to the gas state requires 7.4 kcal/mol (31.0 kJ/mol).
a. What is the sign of ∆H for this process? Write a reaction showing heat as a product or reactant.

검증된 단계별 안내

Understand the concept of enthalpy change (∆H): Enthalpy change is the heat absorbed or released during a chemical or physical process at constant pressure. For endothermic processes, ∆H is positive, and for exothermic processes, ∆H is negative.

Identify the type of process: Vaporization is the process of converting a liquid into a gas. This requires energy input to overcome intermolecular forces, making it an endothermic process. Therefore, the sign of ∆H is positive.

Write the reaction for the vaporization of bromine (Br₂): The reaction can be written as Br₂(l) → Br₂(g).

Include heat in the reaction: Since the process is endothermic, heat is absorbed. Heat is written as a reactant in the reaction: Br₂(l) + heat → Br₂(g).

Summarize: The sign of ∆H for the vaporization of Br₂ is positive, and the reaction showing heat as a reactant is Br₂(l) + heat → Br₂(g).

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Enthalpy Change (∆H)

Enthalpy change (∆H) is a measure of the heat content of a system during a process at constant pressure. A positive ∆H indicates that heat is absorbed from the surroundings, while a negative ∆H signifies that heat is released. In the context of vaporization, the process requires energy input, resulting in a positive ∆H.

Endothermic Process

An endothermic process is one that absorbs heat from its surroundings. In the case of vaporization, the transition of a substance from liquid to gas requires energy to overcome intermolecular forces. This absorption of heat is reflected in the positive value of ∆H, indicating that heat is a reactant in the reaction.

Chemical Reaction Representation

Chemical reactions can be represented with a balanced equation that includes reactants, products, and energy changes. For the vaporization of bromine (Br2), the reaction can be written as: Br2(l) + heat → Br2(g). This notation emphasizes that heat is required for the transition from liquid to gas, highlighting the endothermic nature of the process.

The vaporization of Br2 from the liquid to the gas state requires 7.4 kcal/mol (31.0 kJ/mol). a. What is the sign of ∆H for this process? Write a reaction showing heat as a product or reactant.