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Ch.13 Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds
McMurry - Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry 8th Edition
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134015187당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경
모든 교과서McMurry 8th EditionCh.13 Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds문제 4
13장, 문제 4

Which of the following substances exist as can cis–trans isomers? Draw both isomers for those that do.
a. 2,3-Dimethyl-2-pentene (condensed structures only)
b. 2-Methyl-2-hexene (both condensed and line structures)
c. 2-Hexene (line structures only)

검증된 단계별 안내
1
Step 1: Understand the concept of cis-trans isomerism. Cis-trans isomerism occurs in alkenes when there is restricted rotation around the double bond and two different groups are attached to each carbon of the double bond. For cis isomers, the similar groups are on the same side of the double bond, while for trans isomers, they are on opposite sides.
Step 2: Analyze the structure of 2,3-Dimethyl-2-pentene. The double bond is at the second carbon, and there are two methyl groups attached to the second and third carbons. Check if the carbons involved in the double bond have two different groups attached. If not, cis-trans isomerism is not possible.
Step 3: Analyze the structure of 2-Methyl-2-hexene. The double bond is at the second carbon, and there is a methyl group attached to the second carbon. Check if the carbons involved in the double bond have two different groups attached. If they do, draw both the cis and trans isomers in both condensed and line structures.
Step 4: Analyze the structure of 2-Hexene. The double bond is at the second carbon. Check if the carbons involved in the double bond have two different groups attached. If they do, draw both the cis and trans isomers in line structures.
Step 5: Summarize your findings. For each compound, determine whether cis-trans isomerism is possible based on the analysis. If it is, ensure you have drawn both the cis and trans isomers as specified in the problem (condensed or line structures).

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Cis-Trans Isomerism

Cis-trans isomerism, also known as geometric isomerism, occurs in compounds with restricted rotation around a double bond or a ring structure. In cis isomers, substituents are on the same side of the double bond, while in trans isomers, they are on opposite sides. This difference in spatial arrangement can significantly affect the physical and chemical properties of the compounds.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
2:47
Rules for Naming Alkenes Concept 1

Alkenes and Their Structure

Alkenes are hydrocarbons that contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond (C=C). The presence of this double bond allows for the possibility of cis-trans isomerism, as the double bond restricts rotation. The structure of alkenes can be represented using condensed formulas or line structures, which visually depict the arrangement of atoms and bonds.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
3:26
Naming Alkenes Example 1

Drawing Isomers

Drawing isomers involves representing the different spatial arrangements of atoms in a molecule. For cis-trans isomers, it is essential to accurately depict the positions of substituents around the double bond. This can be done using condensed structures, which show the connectivity of atoms, or line structures, which provide a clearer view of the molecular geometry and bond angles.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
2:28
Isomers Example 1
관련 실천
교과서 질문

Many biological transformations can be simply classified as additions, eliminations, or substitutions. How would you classify the following reactions?

a. Fumaric acid to malic acid

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교과서 질문

Classify the following reactions as an addition, elimination, or substitution:

a. CH3Br + NaOH → CH3OH + NaBr

b. H2C═CH2 + HCl → CH3CH2Cl

c. CH3CH2Br → H2C═CH2 + HBr

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교과서 질문

Draw both condensed and line structures corresponding to the following IUPAC names:

a. 3-Methyl-1-heptene

b. 4,4-Dimethyl-2-pentyne

c. 2-Methyl-3-hexene

d. 1,3,3-Trimethylcyclohexene

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교과서 질문

Many biological transformations can be simply classified as additions, eliminations, or substitutions. How would you classify the following reactions?

b. 2-Phosphoglyceric acid to phosphoenolpyruvic acid

751
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