Using IUPAC rules, name the following molecules.
(c)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Identify the longest continuous carbon chain in the molecule that contains the highest priority functional groups (double bonds in this case). This will serve as the parent chain. Count the number of carbons in this chain to determine the base name (e.g., pent-, hex-, hept-).
2. Step 2: Number the parent chain starting from the end closest to the first double bond to ensure the lowest possible locants for the double bonds. Note the positions of the double bonds and any substituents.
3. Step 3: Identify and name the substituents attached to the parent chain. These include alkyl groups and any stereochemical features (e.g., wedges indicating chirality). Assign locants to these substituents based on their position on the parent chain.
4. Step 4: Determine the stereochemistry of the molecule if applicable. For example, the wedge indicates a specific configuration at the chiral center. Use R/S nomenclature to describe the stereochemistry.
5. Step 5: Combine all elements of the name: start with the substituents (in alphabetical order), followed by the parent chain name, and include the positions of the double bonds and stereochemical descriptors. Ensure the name follows IUPAC conventions.

Key Concepts

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming organic chemical compounds. It provides rules for identifying the structure of a molecule based on its functional groups, carbon chain length, and branching. Understanding these rules is essential for accurately naming compounds and communicating their structures in the scientific community.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. Common functional groups include alcohols, carboxylic acids, and amines. Recognizing functional groups is crucial for determining the name and properties of organic compounds.

Carbon Chain Structure

The carbon chain structure refers to the arrangement of carbon atoms in a molecule, which can be linear, branched, or cyclic. The length and branching of the carbon chain significantly influence the compound's name and properties. Identifying the longest continuous carbon chain is a key step in applying IUPAC naming rules.