Predict the product of the following reaction sequences.
(b)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the functional group present in the starting material. The starting material is a nitrile, characterized by the -CN group.
2. Recognize the reagents used in the reaction. Lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) is a strong reducing agent, and tetrahydrofuran (THF) is a common solvent for such reductions.
3. Understand the role of LiAlH4 in the reaction. LiAlH4 will reduce the nitrile group (-CN) to a primary amine (-CH2NH2).
4. Consider the second step of the reaction sequence. The addition of H3O+ (acidic workup) is used to quench the reaction, ensuring the complete conversion of the intermediate to the final product.
5. Predict the structure of the final product. The nitrile group will be reduced to a primary amine, resulting in a cyclohexylamine derivative.

Key Concepts

Reaction Mechanisms

Understanding reaction mechanisms is crucial in organic chemistry as they describe the step-by-step process by which reactants transform into products. This includes identifying intermediates, transition states, and the movement of electrons. A clear grasp of mechanisms helps predict the outcome of reactions and the stability of products formed.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. Recognizing functional groups allows chemists to predict reactivity and the types of reactions that can occur. For example, alcohols, carboxylic acids, and amines each have distinct behaviors in chemical reactions.

Stereochemistry

Stereochemistry involves the study of the spatial arrangement of atoms in molecules and how this affects their chemical behavior. It is essential for predicting the products of reactions, especially in cases where chirality is involved. Understanding stereochemical principles helps in determining the configuration of products and their potential biological activity.