Solve each equation in Exercises 47–64 by completing the square. $x^2+4x=12$

Verified step by step guidance

1. Start with the given equation: \(x^2 + 4x = 12\).
2. To complete the square, first move the constant term to the other side: \(x^2 + 4x = 12\) (already isolated).
3. Take half of the coefficient of \(x\), which is 4, so half is \(\frac{4}{2} = 2\), then square it: \(2^2 = 4\).
4. Add this square (4) to both sides of the equation to maintain equality: \(x^2 + 4x + 4 = 12 + 4\).
5. Rewrite the left side as a perfect square trinomial: \((x + 2)^2 = 16\).

Key Concepts

Completing the Square

Completing the square is a method used to solve quadratic equations by transforming the equation into a perfect square trinomial. This involves adding a specific value to both sides of the equation to create a binomial squared, making it easier to solve for the variable.

Quadratic Equations

A quadratic equation is a second-degree polynomial equation in the form ax² + bx + c = 0. Understanding its structure is essential for applying methods like completing the square, factoring, or using the quadratic formula to find the roots.

Isolating the Variable

Isolating the variable involves rearranging the equation so that the variable term is alone on one side. This step is crucial before completing the square, as it allows you to manipulate the equation properly and solve for the unknown.