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Hardy Weinberg definitions

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  • Hardy Weinberg Principle
    A theoretical framework for predicting allele and genotype frequencies in a population under idealized conditions.
  • Allele Frequency
    The proportion of a specific genetic variant among all gene copies in a population at a given time.
  • Genotype Frequency
    The proportion of individuals in a population with a particular genetic makeup at a specific locus.
  • p + q = 1
    A formula expressing that the sum of dominant and recessive allele frequencies equals unity in a population.
  • p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1
    An equation representing the expected frequencies of homozygous dominant, heterozygous, and homozygous recessive genotypes.
  • Dominant Allele
    A genetic variant represented by 'p' that masks the effect of another variant at the same locus.
  • Recessive Allele
    A genetic variant represented by 'q' whose effect is only seen when two copies are present.
  • Homozygous Dominant
    A genotype consisting of two copies of the dominant allele, calculated as p squared in the formula.
  • Homozygous Recessive
    A genotype with two copies of the recessive allele, represented as q squared and often linked to recessive traits.
  • Heterozygote
    An individual with one dominant and one recessive allele, represented by 2pq in the Hardy Weinberg equation.
  • Gene Pool
    The complete set of alleles present in the breeding members of a population at a specific time.
  • No Selection
    An assumption where all genetic variants have equal chances of being passed to the next generation.
  • No Mutation
    An assumption that no new genetic variants arise, ensuring allele frequencies remain unchanged.
  • No Migration
    An assumption that individuals neither enter nor leave the population, keeping gene flow constant.
  • Random Mating
    An assumption that mate choice is not influenced by genetic makeup, ensuring equal pairing probability.