Consult Table 18.3 and draw alanine. Label the functional groups and give the three-letter abbreviation and the one-letter abbreviation. What group does the side chain fall into?

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All right. Hi everyone. So this question is asking us to enter the following for the amino acid valine. Part one draw the fully ionized structure of Veen. Part two label. The functional groups present part three provide the three letter abbreviation. Part four, provide the one letter abbreviation and part five classify Veen based on its side chain. So to answer this question, I'm going to first go ahead and start off with answering parts one and two at once because the good news about amino acids is that they all have the same generalized structure because all amino acids contain one alpha carbon in the center connecting to an amino group, a carboxylic acid group or K boxell group and an R group or a side chain. Recall that the R group of A given amino acid changes depending on what specific amino acid we are discussing. So by recognizing the side chain of a given amino acid, you can distinguish which one it happens to be. And the side chains can be classified as nonpolar, neutral polar acidic or basic depending on their properties. But notice how part one is requesting the fully ionized structure of veiling this means that both the amino group and carboxy group are going to have a charge to them. Now recall that the amino group is basic, which means that it can accept an additional proton. So because of this, in the ionized form, the NH two group would become NH three positive. On the other hand, the carboxyl group or carboxylic acid group is acid, which means that they can donate a proton to become C double O negative. So this would be the general structure of an ionized amino acid. So now our task would be to substitute R for the side chain of veiling. Now, in this case, recall, the side chain for veiling is essentially an isopropyl group, right? It is a two carbon chain branching from the alpha carbon. But the carbon directly connecting to the alpha position has an additional methyl group. So really it's one carbon attaching to the alpha carbon with two methyl groups. So here is the structure of Valley. And so that answers part one. But when it comes to part two, what I want to point out here is that we only have two functional groups present in the structure of Valley because the side chain of veen is simply an a group. So no additional functional groups. Aside from the main two that we discussed previously, because our only functional groups in this case are what encompass every amino acid, right? We've got an amino group and we've got a car boxy group. So these are are only two amino acids because the side chain does not contain any additional ones. So now we can move on to part three, which talks about the three letter abbreviation of this amino acid. Now recall that the three letter abbreviations of most amino acids are simply the first three letters of that amino acid. Now the exceptions are asparagine glutamine, tryptophan and is Soucy but valid in this case is not one of the exceptions. So the three letter abbreviation is simply going to be VA L which are the first three letters. And we can use a similar principle for part four which discusses the one letter abbreviation of valley. Now for most amino acids that have a unique first letter, the one letter abbreviation is simply that first letter. So it just so happens that Veen is the only amino acid that starts with the letter V. So therefore the one letter abbreviation for vein would be V. And now we can talk about polarity. For part five, we can classify polarity based on the properties of the side chain. Now earlier, I discussed the possible categories in which a side chain and therefore amino acid can be classified as it can be nonpolar, neutral, polar acidic or basic recalled amino acids that have o groups as side chains all under the nonpolar category because hydrocarbons are nonpolar because there is no significant difference in electronegativity between carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms bound together. So because the group of veiling is simply an O group, then vein would be considered nonpolar based on its side chain and there you have it. So here we have insert parts one through five or the amino acid value. We talked about its fully ionized structure pointing out that the amino and carboxyl groups are the only functional groups present as well as its three letter abbreviation VA L. It's one letter abbreviation V and its classification based on the side chain which happens to be nonpolar. So with that being said, thank you so very much for watching and I hope you found this helpful.

Consult Table 18.3 and draw alanine. Label the functional groups and give the three-letter abbreviation and the one-letter abbreviation. What group does the side chain fall into?

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Key Concepts

Amino Acids

Functional Groups

Abbreviations of Amino Acids