Textbook Question
Identify each of the following as an acid, base, or salt, and give its name:
a. H3PO4
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Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium
Timberlake14thChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9781292472249
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Chemistry in Our Lives19
- Ch.2 Chemistry and Measurements80
- Ch.3 Matter and Energy53
- Ch.4 Atoms and Elements58
- Ch.5 Nuclear Chemistry42
- Ch.6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds57
- Ch.7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions38
- Ch.8 Gases30
- Ch.9 Solutions50
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium64
- Ch.11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons77
- Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones82
- Ch.13 Carbohydrates54
- Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides91
- Ch.15 Lipids61
- Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes84
- Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis86
- Ch.18 Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production73
Timberlake14thChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9781292472249Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 10, Problem 94a
Solution X has a pH of 9.0, and solution Y has a pH of 7.0.
a. Which solution is more acidic?
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the pH scale: The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, where a pH less than 7 indicates an acidic solution, a pH of 7 is neutral, and a pH greater than 7 indicates a basic (alkaline) solution.
Compare the pH values of the two solutions: Solution X has a pH of 9.0, which is greater than 7, making it basic. Solution Y has a pH of 7.0, which is neutral.
Recall that acidity increases as the pH decreases. A lower pH corresponds to a higher concentration of hydrogen ions \( [H^+] \).
Since solution Y has a lower pH (7.0) compared to solution X (9.0), solution Y is closer to the acidic range of the pH scale.
Conclude that solution Y is more acidic than solution X because it has a lower pH value.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
pH Scale
The pH scale measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, ranging from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is considered neutral, values below 7 indicate acidity, and values above 7 indicate alkalinity. Thus, the lower the pH value, the more acidic the solution.
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The pH Scale
Acidic vs. Alkaline Solutions
Acidic solutions have a higher concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) compared to hydroxide ions (OH-), leading to a pH below 7. Conversely, alkaline solutions have more hydroxide ions, resulting in a pH above 7. Understanding this distinction is crucial for determining the relative acidity of solutions.
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Comparative pH Analysis
To compare the acidity of two solutions, one can directly assess their pH values. In this case, solution X with a pH of 9.0 is alkaline, while solution Y with a pH of 7.0 is neutral. Therefore, solution Y is more acidic than solution X, as it is closer to the acidic end of the pH scale.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Determine the pH for the following solutions:
c. [H3O+] = 0.0001 M
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Textbook Question
Solution A has a pH of 4.0, and solution B has a pH of 6.0.
a. Which solution is more acidic?
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Textbook Question
A 0.205 M NaOH solution is used to titrate 20.0 mL of a solution of H2SO4. If 45.6 mL of the NaOH solution is required to reach the endpoint, what is the molarity of the H2SO4 solution?
H2SO4(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) → 2H2O(l) + Na2SO4
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Textbook Question
Calculate the volume, in milliliters, of a 0.150 M NaOH solution that will completely neutralize each of the following:
a. 25.0 mL of a 0.288 M HCl solution
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Textbook Question
A buffer solution is made by dissolving H3PO4 and NaH2PO4 in water.
a. Write an equation that shows how this buffer neutralizes added acid.
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