Given the following IUPAC names, draw the corresponding structures.
(c) (S)-3-fluoropent-1-ene

검증된 단계별 안내

Step 1: Break down the IUPAC name into its components. The name '(S)-3-fluoropent-1-ene' indicates the following: (a) 'pent' refers to a five-carbon chain, (b) '1-ene' specifies a double bond between carbons 1 and 2, (c) '3-fluoro' means a fluorine atom is attached to the third carbon, and (d) '(S)' indicates the stereochemistry of the chiral center.

Step 2: Draw the five-carbon chain with a double bond between carbons 1 and 2. Label the carbons as C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5 for clarity.

Step 3: Add the fluorine atom to the third carbon (C3). Ensure that the fluorine is attached as a substituent to C3.

Step 4: Determine the stereochemistry at the chiral center (C3). Assign priorities to the groups attached to C3 based on the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog priority rules. The groups are: (a) the fluorine atom, (b) the part of the chain extending toward C1, (c) the part of the chain extending toward C4, and (d) the hydrogen atom.

Step 5: Arrange the groups around C3 to satisfy the (S)-configuration. When viewed with the lowest priority group (hydrogen) pointing away, the remaining groups should be arranged in a counterclockwise order of priority.

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주요 개념

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IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming organic chemical compounds. It provides a set of rules to derive the name of a compound based on its structure, including the longest carbon chain, functional groups, and stereochemistry. Understanding these rules is essential for translating names into chemical structures accurately.

Stereochemistry

Stereochemistry refers to the study of the spatial arrangement of atoms in molecules and how this affects their chemical behavior. In the context of the given name, '(S)' indicates the specific stereochemical configuration of the chiral center, which is crucial for drawing the correct three-dimensional structure of the compound.

Alkenes

Alkenes are hydrocarbons that contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond. The name 'pent-1-ene' indicates a five-carbon chain with a double bond starting at the first carbon. Recognizing the structure of alkenes, including their geometric isomerism and reactivity, is vital for accurately representing the compound's structure.

Given the following IUPAC names, draw the corresponding structures.(c) (S)-3-fluoropent-1-ene