Draw the structures of the following compounds. (Includes both new and old names.)
(k) 3-methylhex-4-yn-2-ol

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the parent chain: The name '3-methylhex-4-yn-2-ol' indicates that the parent chain is 'hex', which means it has six carbon atoms.
2. Locate the triple bond: The '4-yn' part of the name indicates a triple bond starting at the fourth carbon atom in the chain.
3. Identify the functional group: The '2-ol' indicates an alcohol group (-OH) attached to the second carbon atom.
4. Add the substituent: The '3-methyl' indicates a methyl group (CH₃) attached to the third carbon atom.
5. Draw the structure: Assemble the structure by placing the triple bond, alcohol group, and methyl group in their respective positions on the hexane chain, ensuring correct connectivity and bond angles.

Key Concepts

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method of naming organic chemical compounds as recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. It provides a standardized way to describe the structure of a compound using a series of rules, including identifying the longest carbon chain, numbering the chain to give substituents the lowest possible numbers, and naming functional groups and substituents.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In the compound 3-methylhex-4-yn-2-ol, the functional groups include an alcohol (-OH) at the second carbon and an alkyne (triple bond) at the fourth carbon, which influence the compound's reactivity and properties.

Structural Isomers

Structural isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements of atoms. Understanding structural isomers is crucial for drawing the correct structure of a compound, as the position of substituents like the methyl group in 3-methylhex-4-yn-2-ol can change the compound's properties and name, despite having the same formula.