Name the reaction that removes nitrogen from an α-amino acid, forming an α-keto acid.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the type of reaction that involves the removal of an amino group from an α-amino acid.
2. Recognize that this reaction typically involves the conversion of the amino group into a keto group.
3. Understand that the process of removing an amino group from an amino acid is known as deamination.
4. Note that when the amino group is removed and replaced by a keto group, the reaction is specifically called transamination.
5. Conclude that the reaction that removes nitrogen from an α-amino acid, forming an α-keto acid, is known as transamination.

Key Concepts

Transamination

Transamination is a biochemical process where an amino group from an α-amino acid is transferred to an α-keto acid, resulting in the formation of a new α-amino acid and a new α-keto acid. This reaction is crucial in amino acid metabolism and allows for the interconversion of amino acids, facilitating the removal of nitrogen.

Deamination

Deamination is the process of removing an amino group from an amino acid, leading to the formation of an α-keto acid and ammonia. This reaction is essential for the catabolism of amino acids, allowing the body to utilize the carbon skeleton for energy production while excreting nitrogenous waste.

α-Keto Acid

An α-keto acid is a type of organic acid that contains a keto group (C=O) adjacent to a carboxylic acid group. These compounds play a significant role in metabolism, serving as intermediates in various biochemical pathways, including the citric acid cycle and amino acid synthesis.