Textbook Question
Give systematic names for the following aldehydes and ketones:
a.
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Ch.15 Aldehydes and Ketones
McMurry8th EditionFundamentals of GOBISBN: 9780134015187
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Matter and Measurements27
- Ch.2 Atoms and the Periodic Table20
- Ch.3 Ionic Compounds8
- Ch.4 Molecular Compounds23
- Ch.5 Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions12
- Ch.6 Chemical Reactions: Mole and Mass Relationships28
- Ch.7 Chemical Reactions: Energy, Rate and Equilibrium64
- Ch.8 Gases, Liquids and Solids24
- Ch.9 Solutions52
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases25
- Ch.11 Nuclear Chemistry22
- Ch.12 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes57
- Ch.13 Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds47
- Ch.14 Some Compounds with Oxygen, Sulfur, or a Halogen50
- Ch.15 Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch.16 Amines42
- Ch.17 Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives57
- Ch.18 Amino Acids and Proteins82
- Ch.19 Enzymes and Vitamins63
- Ch.20 Carbohydrates44
- Ch.21 The Generation of Biochemical Energy65
- Ch.22 Carbohydrate Metabolism45
- Ch.23 Lipids42
- Ch.24 Lipid Metabolism33
- Ch.25 Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism24
- Ch.26 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis45
Chapter 15, Problem 35b
The following names are incorrect. What is wrong with each?
b. 2-Butanal
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the functional group in the compound. The suffix '-al' indicates that the compound is an aldehyde, which means it contains a carbonyl group (C=O) at the end of the carbon chain.
Recall the naming rule for aldehydes: the carbonyl carbon in an aldehyde is always assigned position 1 in the chain. This means that the position number for the aldehyde group should not be included in the name.
Analyze the given name '2-Butanal'. The '2-' suggests that the carbonyl group is on the second carbon, which is incorrect because aldehydes always have the carbonyl group on the first carbon.
Correct the name by removing the position number for the aldehyde group. The correct name for this compound is simply 'Butanal', as the aldehyde group is implied to be on the first carbon.
Double-check the structure of the compound to ensure that the name matches the correct IUPAC naming conventions for aldehydes.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
IUPAC Nomenclature
IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming organic chemical compounds. It provides rules for naming compounds based on their structure, functional groups, and the longest carbon chain. Understanding these rules is essential for identifying errors in chemical names, such as incorrect prefixes or suffixes.
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IUPAC Naming Concept 3
Functional Groups
Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In the case of 2-butanal, recognizing the aldehyde functional group (-CHO) is crucial for determining if the name accurately reflects the compound's structure and properties.
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Structural Isomerism
Structural isomerism occurs when compounds have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements of atoms. In the context of 2-butanal, it is important to consider whether the name correctly indicates the position of the functional group and the carbon chain, as misnaming can lead to confusion with other isomers.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Give IUPAC names for the following aldehydes and ketones:
b.
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Textbook Question
The following names are incorrect. What is wrong with each?
a. 1-Pentanone
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Textbook Question
Which of the following compounds will react with Tollens' reagent? With Benedict's reagent?
a. Cyclopentanon
b. Hexanal
c.
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Textbook Question
Draw the structures of the products formed when the following compounds react with a reducing agent.
a.
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Textbook Question
Write the structures of the hemiacetal or hemiketal that result from reactions (a) and (b). Write the structures of the complete hydrolysis products of the acetal or ketal in (c) and (d).
a. Acetone + Ethanol → ?
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