How would you classify the link between the monosaccharides in cellobiose?

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the structure of cellobiose, which is a disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules linked together. Refer to Worked Example 20.5 for the specific structure.
2. Examine the type of glycosidic bond present between the two glucose units. A glycosidic bond is formed when a hydroxyl group (-OH) from one monosaccharide reacts with the anomeric carbon of another monosaccharide, releasing a molecule of water.
3. Determine the position of the glycosidic bond. In cellobiose, the bond is typically between the anomeric carbon (C1) of one glucose molecule and the hydroxyl group on the C4 carbon of the second glucose molecule.
4. Classify the glycosidic bond based on the orientation of the anomeric carbon. If the bond is formed with the hydroxyl group on the anomeric carbon in the beta configuration (pointing up), it is a β(1→4) glycosidic bond.
5. Conclude that the link between the monosaccharides in cellobiose is a β(1→4) glycosidic bond, as the anomeric carbon of the first glucose is in the beta configuration and is connected to the C4 carbon of the second glucose.

Key Concepts

Glycosidic Bond

A glycosidic bond is a type of covalent bond that connects two monosaccharides through a dehydration reaction, resulting in the formation of a disaccharide. In cellobiose, this bond specifically links the anomeric carbon of one glucose unit to the hydroxyl group of another glucose unit, creating a β(1→4) linkage.

Disaccharides

Disaccharides are carbohydrates formed by the combination of two monosaccharides through glycosidic bonds. Cellobiose, composed of two glucose molecules, is an example of a disaccharide that plays a significant role in the structure of cellulose, a major component of plant cell walls.

Cellulose

Cellulose is a polysaccharide made up of long chains of β-glucose units linked by β(1→4) glycosidic bonds. It is a key structural component in plant cell walls, providing rigidity and strength. Understanding cellobiose's structure helps in comprehending how cellulose is formed and its importance in biological systems.