The following portion of DNA is in the template DNA strand: 3'TGT|GGG|GTT|ATT5'
b. Write the anticodons corresponding to the codons on the mRNA.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the directionality of the template DNA strand, which is given as 3' to 5'. The mRNA strand will be complementary to this template strand and synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction.
2. Determine the mRNA codons by pairing the complementary bases to the template DNA strand. Use the base pairing rules: Adenine (A) pairs with Uracil (U) in RNA, Thymine (T) pairs with Adenine (A), Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G), and Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C).
3. Write the mRNA codons corresponding to the template DNA strand. For example, the template DNA sequence 3'TGT|GGG|GTT|ATT5' will yield mRNA codons 5'ACA|CCC|CAA|UAA3'.
4. Determine the anticodons that correspond to the mRNA codons. Anticodons are found on tRNA and are complementary to the mRNA codons. Use the same base pairing rules to find the anticodons for each mRNA codon.
5. Write the anticodons in the 3' to 5' direction, as tRNA anticodons are conventionally written in this orientation. For example, the anticodons corresponding to the mRNA codons 5'ACA|CCC|CAA|UAA3' will be 3'UGU|GGG|GUU|AUU5'.

Key Concepts

DNA Template Strand

The DNA template strand is the strand of DNA that serves as a guide for synthesizing mRNA during transcription. It is read in the 3' to 5' direction, allowing RNA polymerase to create a complementary mRNA strand in the 5' to 3' direction. Understanding the orientation and base pairing rules is crucial for determining the correct mRNA sequence.

mRNA Codons

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids or stop signals during protein synthesis. Each codon is derived from the DNA template strand, and the sequence of codons determines the order of amino acids in a protein. Recognizing how codons are formed from the mRNA sequence is essential for translating genetic information.

Anticodons

Anticodons are sequences of three nucleotides found on tRNA molecules that are complementary to mRNA codons. During translation, the anticodon pairs with its corresponding codon on the mRNA, ensuring the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain. Understanding the relationship between codons and anticodons is vital for grasping how genetic information is translated into proteins.