For each molecular formula, draw all the possible constitutional isomers of alcohols with that formula. Give the IUPAC name for each alcohol.
(b) C₄H₁₀O

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the problem. Constitutional isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different connectivity of atoms. For alcohols, the functional group is -OH (hydroxyl group). We need to identify all possible structures where the -OH group is attached to different carbon atoms, ensuring the molecular formula is satisfied.
2. Step 2: For part (a) C3H8O, start by arranging the three carbon atoms in a straight chain (propane). Place the -OH group on different carbon atoms to generate isomers. Then, consider branching possibilities (if any). Verify that each structure satisfies the molecular formula and count the total number of isomers.
3. Step 3: For part (b) C4H10O, arrange the four carbon atoms in a straight chain (butane) and place the -OH group on different carbon atoms. Next, consider branching the carbon chain (e.g., isobutane) and attach the -OH group to different positions. Ensure all structures satisfy the molecular formula and are unique.
4. Step 4: For part (c) C3H6O, note that this formula suggests unsaturation (double bond or ring). Consider structures where the -OH group is attached to a carbon atom in a double-bonded system (e.g., enols) or a cyclic structure. Ensure all structures are valid alcohols and satisfy the molecular formula.
5. Step 5: For part (d) C3H4O, this formula indicates even more unsaturation. Explore structures with a triple bond or a combination of double bonds and rings, ensuring the -OH group is present. Verify that all structures satisfy the molecular formula and are unique constitutional isomers.