1. A Review of General Chemistry

What is the molecular geometry around each carbon atom in $C_2{H}_6$ (ethane)?

Which of the following best describes the molecular geometry around each carbon atom in butane ($C{4}_{}H{10}_{}$) as shown in a three-dimensional representation?

Given the molecule $C_2{H}_4$ (ethene), label the geometry around each carbon atom.

Given the molecule $C_2{H}_4$ (ethene), label the geometry around each carbon atom.

Determine the hybridizationof the following selected atoms:

PRACTICE:Determine the hybridization and molecular geometry of the following selected atoms:

In pent-2-yne (CH₃CCCH₂CH₃), there are four atoms in a straight line. Use dashed lines and wedges to draw a three-dimensional representation of this molecule, and circle the four atoms that are in a straight line.

Predict the hybridization, geometry, and bond angles for the central atoms in

b. CH₃CH=NH

Predict the hybridization, geometry, and bond angles for the central atoms in

a. but-2-ene, CH₃CH=CHCH₃

a. Which of the species have bond angles of 109.5°?

b. Which of the species have bond angles of 120°?

H₂O H₃O^{+ +}CH₃ BF₃

Do the sp² carbons and the indicated sp³ carbons lie in the same plane?

For each of the following molecules, indicate the hybridization of each carbon and give the approximate values of all the bond angles:

a. CH₃C≡CH

Predict the hybridization and geometry of the carbon and nitrogen atoms in the following molecules and ions. (Hint: Resonance.)

a.

b.

c.