2. Molecular Representations

Which of the following reactions would benefit from micellar technology (Figure 7.10), allowing them to be run in water?

(a)

(b)

(c)

The effectiveness of a barbiturate as a sedative is related to its ability to penetrate the nonpolar membrane of a cell. Which of the following barbiturates would you expect to be the more effective sedative?

Explain why amino acids, unlike most amines and carboxylic acids, are insoluble in diethyl ether.

Ansaid and Motrin belong to the group of drugs known as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Both are only slightly soluble in water, but one is a little more soluble than the other. Which of the drugs has the greater solubility in water?

Why are lower molecular weight alcohols more soluble in water than higher molecular weight alcohols?

Which has

c. the greater solubility in water: 1-butanol or 1-pentanol?

d. the higher boiling point: 1-hexanol or 1-methoxypentane?

Rank the following molecules from least water soluble to most water soluble. Explain your reasoning.

(e) CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃

In each pair, (i) choose the compound that is most soluble in water. (ii) Within each pair, which is most soluble in nonpolar solvents?

(a)