How is a scientific theory different from a scientific hypothesis?
a. It is based on weaker evidence
b. It has not been proved true
c. It is not falsifiable
d. It can explain a large number of observations
e. It must be proposed by a professional scientist

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the definitions: A scientific hypothesis is a testable and falsifiable statement that serves as a starting point for experimentation. A scientific theory, on the other hand, is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that is based on a body of evidence and has stood the test of time.
2. Recognize the scope: A scientific hypothesis typically addresses a specific question or observation, while a scientific theory explains a broader range of phenomena and integrates multiple hypotheses and observations.
3. Evaluate the evidence: A scientific theory is supported by extensive and reproducible evidence gathered from multiple experiments and observations, whereas a hypothesis is an initial idea that requires testing and validation.
4. Consider falsifiability: Both scientific hypotheses and theories must be falsifiable, meaning they can be tested and potentially disproven. This is a fundamental principle of science.
5. Analyze the options: Based on the definitions and characteristics, identify the correct answer. The correct choice should reflect the broader explanatory power and evidence-based nature of a scientific theory compared to a hypothesis.

Key Concepts

Scientific Theory

A scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that is based on a body of evidence and has withstood rigorous testing and scrutiny. It integrates and generalizes many hypotheses and observations, providing a comprehensive framework for understanding phenomena. Unlike a hypothesis, which is a tentative explanation, a theory is widely accepted within the scientific community due to its strong empirical support.

Scientific Hypothesis

A scientific hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon that can be tested through experimentation and observation. It is typically narrower in scope than a theory and serves as a starting point for further investigation. A hypothesis must be falsifiable, meaning it can be proven wrong through evidence, which distinguishes it from a theory that has already been validated by extensive research.

Falsifiability

Falsifiability is a key principle in the philosophy of science that asserts a statement or hypothesis must be able to be proven false to be considered scientific. This means that there should be a possible observation or experiment that could contradict the hypothesis. Falsifiability is crucial for distinguishing scientific claims from non-scientific ones, as it allows for the testing and potential refutation of ideas.