Draw the structure of a molecule with the formula C 4 H 6 Cl 2 that has a dipole moment of 0.

Hi everyone here we have a question telling us that a compound has a molecular formula of C two, H two, F two and has a dipole moment of zero. And our goal is to draw the structure of the compound. So first we need to add up our valence electrons and valence electrons corresponds to the group that they are on on the periodic table. So we have to carbon which has a valence electron a four. So four times two equals eight. And we have hydrogen. We have two of them, it has one valence electron, so one times two equals two. And we have flooring, We have two of them, so seven times two equals 14. And that gives us a total valence electron of 24. So now we want to draw our structure. So we need the dipole moment to be zero. So we need all of our di pole moments to cancel out. And to do that, we're going to put our flooring on opposite sides of the carbon. So we have carbon double bonded to carbon single bonded to flooring, single bonded to hydrogen single bonded to hydrogen single bonded to flooring. So we've used 2468, 10, 12 of our valence electrons. And now we're going to use the rest to fill florins octet. So 14 16 2022 24. And now let's draw our di pole arrows. And to do that, we're going to point to the more electro negative adam. So here we're going to flooring here, we're going to carbon here, we're going to flooring and here we're going to carbon. So all of these are going to cancel out and will give us a die pool moment of zero. So this is our final structure of our compound. Thank you for watching. Bye.

Ch.10 - Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory

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Ch.10 - Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory

Problem 95

Chapter 10, Problem 95

Draw the structure of a molecule with the formula C₄H₆Cl₂ that has a dipole moment of 0.

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Identify the molecular formula and the requirement of zero dipole moment. The formula given is C4H6Cl2, and a zero dipole moment suggests a symmetrical structure.

Consider possible structures for C4H6Cl2. The molecule could be a chain or a ring. Given the need for symmetry, a ring might be more plausible.

Place the chlorine atoms in positions that would maintain symmetry. For a zero dipole moment, the chlorines should be placed opposite each other in the ring structure.

Fill in the hydrogen atoms while maintaining the general rules of valency for carbon, which makes four bonds. Each carbon in the ring should end up with appropriate hydrogen atoms to satisfy its valency.

Verify the structure by ensuring all valencies are satisfied and the structure is symmetrical, thus supporting the zero dipole moment. A possible structure could be 1,4-dichlorocyclobutane, where the chlorine atoms are on opposite carbons in a four-membered ring.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Molecular Structure

Molecular structure refers to the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms within a molecule. It determines the molecule's shape, bond angles, and the spatial orientation of its functional groups. Understanding how atoms are connected and their spatial distribution is crucial for predicting the molecule's properties, including polarity.

Dipole Moment

A dipole moment is a measure of the separation of positive and negative charges in a molecule, indicating its polarity. Molecules with a dipole moment have uneven charge distribution, while those with a dipole moment of zero are nonpolar. The dipole moment is influenced by the electronegativity of atoms and the symmetry of the molecular structure.

Isomerism

Isomerism is the phenomenon where two or more compounds have the same molecular formula but different structures or arrangements of atoms. In the case of C4H6Cl2, various structural isomers can exist, and some may have a symmetrical arrangement that results in a net dipole moment of zero. Understanding isomerism is essential for identifying the correct structure that meets the given criteria.