Ethical and social issues have become a large part of the public discussion of genetics and genetic testing. Choose two of the propositions presented here and prepare a list of arguments for and against them.


Gene therapy should be used on humans when it can correct a hereditary condition such as sickle cell disease.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the proposition: The statement suggests using gene therapy to correct hereditary conditions like sickle cell disease. Gene therapy involves altering or replacing defective genes to treat or prevent diseases.
2. Identify arguments in favor of the proposition: Consider the potential benefits, such as improving the quality of life for individuals with hereditary conditions, reducing healthcare costs associated with managing chronic diseases, and advancing medical science.
3. Identify arguments against the proposition: Reflect on potential risks, such as unforeseen side effects, ethical concerns about altering human genetics, and the possibility of unequal access to such treatments, which could exacerbate social inequalities.
4. Organize the arguments: Create a clear list of 'pros' and 'cons' for the use of gene therapy in this context. For example, under 'pros,' include points like 'eliminates the root cause of the disease,' and under 'cons,' include points like 'long-term effects are unknown.'
5. Evaluate the ethical and social implications: Consider broader questions, such as whether gene therapy should be limited to life-threatening conditions, how to ensure equitable access, and how society might regulate its use to prevent misuse or unintended consequences.

Key Concepts

Gene Therapy

Gene therapy is a medical technique that involves altering the genes inside a person's cells to treat or prevent disease. It aims to correct genetic disorders by introducing, removing, or altering genetic material within a patient's cells. This approach has the potential to address hereditary conditions like sickle cell disease, but it raises ethical questions about its implications and long-term effects.

Ethical Considerations

Ethical considerations in genetics involve the moral implications of genetic testing and interventions, such as gene therapy. Key issues include the potential for unintended consequences, the fairness of access to such treatments, and the implications of 'playing God' by altering human genetics. These considerations are crucial in guiding policies and practices in genetic medicine.

Informed Consent

Informed consent is a fundamental principle in medical ethics that requires patients to be fully informed about the risks, benefits, and alternatives of a treatment before agreeing to it. In the context of gene therapy, it is essential that patients understand the experimental nature of the treatment, potential side effects, and the implications for future generations, ensuring that their decision is made autonomously and knowledgeably.