Textbook Question
For a eukaryotic gene whose transcription requires the activity of an enhancer sequence, explain how proteins bound at the enhancer interact with RNA pol II and transcription factors bound at the promoter.
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Ch. 8 - Molecular Biology of Transcription and RNA Processing
Sanders3rd EditionGenetic Analysis: An Integrated ApproachISBN: 9780135564172
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - The Molecular Basis of Heredity, Variation, and Evolution64
- Ch. 2 - Transmission Genetics144
- Ch. 3 - Cell Division and Chromosome Heredity81
- Ch. 4 - Gene Interaction87
- Ch. 5 - Genetic Linkage and Mapping in Eukaryotes103
- Ch. 6 - Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages73
- Ch. 7 - DNA Structure and Replication71
- Ch. 8 - Molecular Biology of Transcription and RNA Processing79
- Ch. 9 - The Molecular Biology of Translation110
- Ch. 10 - Eukaryotic Chromosome Abnormalities and Molecular Organization100
- Ch. 11 - Gene Mutation, DNA Repair, and Homologous Recombination86
- Ch. 12 - Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria and Bacteriophage90
- Ch. 13 - Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes38
- Ch. 14 - Analysis of Gene Function via Forward Genetics and Reverse Genetics72
- Ch. 15 - Recombinant DNA Technology and Its Applications69
- Ch. 16 - Genomics: Genetics from a Whole-Genome Perspective49
- Ch. 17 - Organelle Inheritance and the Evolution of Organelle Genomes27
- Ch. 18 - Developmental Genetics43
- Ch. 19 - Genetic Analysis of Quantitative Traits66
- Ch. 20 - Population Genetics and Evolution at the Population, Species, and Molecular Levels105
Sanders3rd EditionGenetic Analysis: An Integrated ApproachISBN: 9780135564172Not the one you use?Change textbook
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Sanders 3rd EditionCh. 8 - Molecular Biology of Transcription and RNA ProcessingProblem 15b
Sanders 3rd EditionCh. 8 - Molecular Biology of Transcription and RNA ProcessingProblem 15bChapter 8, Problem 15b
The eukaryotic gene Gen-100 contains four introns labeled A to D. Imagine that Gen-100 has been isolated and its DNA has been denatured and mixed with polyadenylated mRNA from the gene.
Label the introns.
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Understand the structure of eukaryotic genes: Eukaryotic genes consist of exons (coding regions) and introns (non-coding regions). Introns are removed during RNA splicing to produce mature mRNA.
Recognize that polyadenylated mRNA refers to mature mRNA, which has undergone splicing to remove introns and has a poly-A tail added at its 3' end.
Denature the DNA of the Gen-100 gene to separate its two strands, allowing hybridization with the mature mRNA.
Mix the denatured DNA with the mature mRNA. The exons in the mRNA will hybridize with their complementary sequences in the DNA, while the introns will form loops because they are absent in the mRNA.
Label the loops formed during hybridization as introns A, B, C, and D, corresponding to the non-coding regions of the Gen-100 gene that were spliced out during mRNA processing.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Introns and Exons
Introns are non-coding sequences within a gene that are transcribed into pre-mRNA but are removed during RNA splicing. Exons, on the other hand, are the coding sequences that remain in the mature mRNA and are translated into proteins. Understanding the distinction between introns and exons is crucial for analyzing gene structure and function.
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mRNA Processing
RNA Splicing
RNA splicing is the process by which introns are removed from the pre-mRNA transcript, and exons are joined together to form the final mRNA molecule. This process is essential for producing a functional mRNA that can be translated into a protein. Knowledge of splicing mechanisms helps in understanding how gene expression is regulated.
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Polyadenylation
Polyadenylation is the addition of a poly(A) tail to the 3' end of mRNA molecules, which enhances mRNA stability and facilitates its export from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. This modification is important for the maturation of mRNA and plays a role in the regulation of gene expression. Recognizing the significance of polyadenylation is key to understanding mRNA processing.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Three genes identified in the diagram as A, B, and C are transcribed from a region of DNA. The 5'-to-3' transcription of genes A and C elongates mRNA in the right-to-left direction, and transcription of gene B elongates mRNA in the left-to-right direction. For each gene, identify the coding strand by designating it as an 'upper strand' or 'lower strand' in the diagram.
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Textbook Question
The eukaryotic gene Gen-100 contains four introns labeled A to D. Imagine that Gen-100 has been isolated and its DNA has been denatured and mixed with polyadenylated mRNA from the gene.
Illustrate the R-loop structure that would be seen with electron microscopy.
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Textbook Question
The eukaryotic gene Gen-100 contains four introns labeled A to D. Imagine that Gen-100 has been isolated and its DNA has been denatured and mixed with polyadenylated mRNA from the gene.
Are intron regions single stranded or double stranded? Why?
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Textbook Question
The segment of the bacterial TrpA gene involved in intrinsic termination of transcription is the following:
3'-TGGGTCGGGGCGGATTACTGCCCCGAAAAAAAACTTG-5'
5'-ACCCAGCCCCGCCTAATGACGGGGCTTTTTTTTGAAC-3' Draw the mRNA structure that forms during transcription of this segment of the TrpA gene.
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Textbook Question
The segment of the bacterial TrpA gene involved in intrinsic termination of transcription is the following:
3'-TGGGTCGGGGCGGATTACTGCCCCGAAAAAAAACTTG-5'
5'-ACCCAGCCCCGCCTAATGACGGGGCTTTTTTTTGAAC-3'
Label the template and coding DNA strands.
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