1. A Review of General Chemistry

Draw the Lewis structure of the molecule

Draw Lewis structures for the following compounds and ions, showing appropriate ­formal charges.

(i) (CH₃)₂O—BF₃

(j) [HONH₃]⁺

(k) KOC(CH₃)₃

(l) [H₂C=OH]⁺

Draw Lewis structures for the following compounds and ions, showing appropriate ­formal charges.

(e) ⁺CH₃

(f) ^–CH₃

(g) NaBH₄

(h) NaBH₃CN

Write Lewis structures for the following molecular formulas. Circle any lone pairs (pairs of nonbonding electrons) in the structures.

i. C₃H₆ (one double bond)

j. C₃H₄ (two double bonds)

k. C₃H₄ (one triple bond)

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has been used as an anti-inflammatory rub for race horses. DMSO and acetone appear to have similar structures, but the C=O carbon atom in acetone is planar, while the S=O sulfur atom in DMSO is ­pyramidal. Draw Lewis structures for DMSO and acetone, predict the hybridizations, and explain these observations.

Draw the Lewis structure for each of the following:

f. NaOH

Draw two Lewis structures for C₂H₆O.

Draw three Lewis structures for C₃H₈O.

For each of the given species:

a. Draw its Lewis structure.

b. Describe the orbitals used by each carbon atom in bonding and indicate the approximate bond angles.

1. H₂CO₂

For each of the given species:

a. Draw its Lewis structure.

b. Describe the orbitals used by each carbon atom in bonding and indicate the approximate bond angles.

2. HCN

Given the atoms involved and the number of valence electrons remaining, complete the Lewis structure by placing bonds between atoms such that each has a full octet.

(a)

How many valence electrons does each of the following contribute to a Lewis structure?

(j) Al