4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

How many unique $C_1$ (primary) carbons are present in the following alkyl halide: ${\mathrm{CH}}_3-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-\mathrm{Br}$?

Which of the following dihalides can be used to prepare the alkyne $C_3{H}_6$ by double dehydrohalogenation?

There are eight different five-carbon alkyl groups.

a. Draw them.

b. Give them systematic names.

Draw the structures of the following groups, and give their more common names.

a. the (1-methylethyl) group

b. the (2-methylpropyl) group

c. the (1-methylpropyl) group

d. the (1,1-dimethylethyl) group

e. the (3-methylbutyl) group, sometimes called the 'isoamyl' group

Draw the structure that corresponds with each name.

c. sec-butylcycloheptane

d. 2,3-dimethyl-4-propylnonane

Draw the structure that corresponds with each name.

i. tert-butylcyclohexane

j. pentylcyclohexane

Name the following alkanes using the IUPAC system of nomenclature. [Each molecule exemplifies one of the nomenclature rules in Tables 3.7 and 3.8.]

(j) rule 5

Give each substituent on the ten-carbon chain a common name and a parenthetical name

a.

b.

Draw the skeletal structure of 3,3-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethyl)-6-(1-methylpropyl)decane.

Draw a condensed and a skeletal structure for each of the following:

a. 3,4-diethyl-2-methylheptane

Write structures for the following compounds.

a. 3-ethyl-4-methylhexane

b. 3-ethyl-5-isobutyl-3-methylnonane

c. 4-tert-butyl-2-methylheptane

d. 5-isopropyl-3,3,4-trimethyloctane

Which isomers contain an isopropyl group?

What is each compound's systematic name?

g.

h.

What is each compound's systematic name?

b.

Each of the following descriptions applies to more than one alkane. In each case, draw and name two structures that match the description.

a. an isopropylheptane

b. a diethyldecane