19. Reactions of Aromatics: EAS and Beyond

Which type of substituent on a benzene ring increases the rate of electrophilic aromatic substitution (EAS) reactions by activating the ring toward electrophiles?

Which set of reagents is required to synthesize nitrobenzene from benzene?

Which statement is incorrect regarding the reaction of $\mathrm{benzene}$ with an $\mathrm{electrophile}$?

In the electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction of $\mathrm{benzene}$, which of the following is the most common electrophile?

In the structure of $\mathrm{benzene}$, what does the ring in the center of the hexagon represent?

Which of the following products can be synthesized starting with $C_6{H}_6$ and using any other reagents?

Which of the following is a correct method to prepare ${\mathrm{Ph}}_{\mathrm{NO}}2$ (nitrobenzene) from benzene?

What products would you expect from the following coupling reactions?

(d)

(e)