Textbook Question
All the structures shown here have the molecular formula C8H18. Which structures are the same molecule? (Hint: One way to answer this question is to determine the chemical name for each structure.)
Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970
Not the one you use?Change textbookSelect a different textbook
Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement146
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions200
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry176
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution155
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry126
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms131
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements126
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding123
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories143
- Ch.10 - Gases147
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces91
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials122
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions126
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics174
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium101
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria139
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria146
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment72
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics129
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry142
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry101
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals68
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry66
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry10
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 2, Problem 83b
b. Write a structural formula for 1-pentanol.
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the parent chain: 1-pentanol is an alcohol with a five-carbon chain, so the parent chain is pentane.
Determine the functional group: The '-ol' suffix indicates an alcohol, which means there is a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to the carbon chain.
Locate the position of the hydroxyl group: The '1-' prefix indicates that the hydroxyl group is attached to the first carbon of the pentane chain.
Draw the carbon chain: Start by drawing a straight chain of five carbon atoms, each connected by single bonds.
Add the hydroxyl group: Attach the hydroxyl group (-OH) to the first carbon atom in the chain, and complete the structure by adding hydrogen atoms to satisfy the valency of each carbon atom.
Verified video answer for a similar problem:
This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above.
Video duration:
1mWas this helpful?
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Structural Formula
A structural formula represents the arrangement of atoms within a molecule, showing how the atoms are bonded to each other. It provides insight into the molecular structure, including the connectivity of atoms and the presence of functional groups. In organic chemistry, structural formulas can be drawn in various ways, such as condensed or expanded forms, to convey different levels of detail.
Recommended video:
Guided course
01:00
Structural Formula
Functional Groups
Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In the case of 1-pentanol, the functional group is the hydroxyl group (-OH), which classifies it as an alcohol. Understanding functional groups is essential for predicting the behavior and reactivity of organic compounds.
Recommended video:
Guided course
01:32Carbonyl Functional Groups
Alkanols
Alkanols, or alcohols, are a class of organic compounds characterized by the presence of one or more hydroxyl (-OH) groups attached to a saturated carbon chain. 1-Pentanol is a straight-chain alkanol with five carbon atoms, making it a primary alcohol. The properties and reactivity of alkanols are influenced by the length of the carbon chain and the position of the hydroxyl group.