Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Bond Strength and Lone Pair Repulsion
The strength of a chemical bond is influenced by the presence of lone pairs of electrons. In the case of the F2 molecule, the lone pairs on each fluorine atom repel each other, leading to a weaker bond. This repulsion reduces the overall bond strength, making it easier for the F2 molecules to dissociate into individual fluorine atoms.
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Equilibrium Constant (Kp)
The equilibrium constant (Kp) quantifies the ratio of the partial pressures of products to reactants at equilibrium for a gaseous reaction. In this case, Kp = 7.83 at 1500 K indicates that at this temperature, the products (dissociated F atoms) are favored over the reactants (F2 molecules), allowing us to calculate the extent of dissociation.
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Dissociation Fraction
The dissociation fraction represents the proportion of a substance that has dissociated into its constituent parts at equilibrium. To find this fraction for the F2 molecules at 1500 K, one can use the equilibrium expression derived from Kp, which relates the concentrations of the dissociated species to the original concentration of F2, allowing for the calculation of how many molecules have broken apart.
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