A full-length eukaryotic gene is inserted into a bacterial chromosome. The gene contains a complete promoter sequence and a functional polyadenylation sequence, and it has wild-type nucleotides throughout the transcribed region. However, the gene fails to produce a functional protein. What changes would you recommend to permit expression of this eukaryotic gene in a bacterial cell?

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Accepted Answer

Hi, everybody. Welcome back. Let's look at our next question, which of the following changes is necessary to permit the expression of a eukaryotic gene in a bacterial cell choice. A code on optimization. B addition of Enrons c removal of bacterial specific translation initiation signals or D post translational modifications. So let's think through what our problem is asking us. It's saying that we have a eukaryotic gene and we want to express its product in a bacterial cell. So let's think about the different processes involved in expressing a gene and what might be necessary to permit it to happen in a different type of cell. Well, one of the biggest differences is if we're translating a gene into a protein, which is its main function, the codons are different in bacterial cells and they're not wildly different. Many of the codons are the same but some common codons in new carrots are very rare in bacterial cells vice versa. And some codons code for completely different amino acids. So obviously, that's gonna be a huge issue if you're trying to produce a functional gene product and you're messing up the amino acid that's supposed to be in a spur spot, you're essentially mutating the protein. So this is gonna be something that is or this is going to be something that's definitely necessary to address to express a etic gene in a bacterial cell. So that leads us to choice a code on optimization. If we didn't remember that, what that was, we could focus on the word code on knowing we have to do something with that. But codon optimization is the process of redesigning the codon sequence to match the preferences of the bacterial cell. So if we're going to translate our gene into a functional protein, we want it to be in the language of the bacterial cell, not the original E Caro cell. Let's just look at our other answer. Choices. Choice B addition of enrons, we can eliminate enrons are present in eukaryotic genes but not bacterial genes. So you wouldn't be adding enrons to make it work better in a bacterial cell. Choice C is removal of bacteria, bacterial specific specific translation initiation signals. Well, the transit translation initiation signals might be important in producing our gene efficiently. But this choice has it backwards. We're going from a ear cell to a bacterial cell. If we were removing anything, it would be you carry out specific transition translation initiation signals and then finally, choice D post translational modifications. Um These could become an issue. Some of the methods by which you carry out a cell does. Post translational modification. Don't happen in bacterial cells. So you might have issues with the regulation of your gene expression. But our question says which change is necessary and that definitely is not going to be necessary in the way that code on optimization is. So our answer for the necessary change to permit the expression of a UK Caro gene in a bacterial cell is choice a code on optimization. See you in the next video.

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Key Concepts

Promoter Compatibility

Transcription and Translation Differences

Codon Usage Bias