Textbook Question
Answer the following questions about the accompanying diagram.
What name is given to the object looking like a string of beads that is closest to F?
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Ch. 9 - The Molecular Biology of Translation
Sanders3rd EditionGenetic Analysis: An Integrated ApproachISBN: 9780135564172
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - The Molecular Basis of Heredity, Variation, and Evolution64
- Ch. 2 - Transmission Genetics144
- Ch. 3 - Cell Division and Chromosome Heredity81
- Ch. 4 - Gene Interaction87
- Ch. 5 - Genetic Linkage and Mapping in Eukaryotes103
- Ch. 6 - Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages73
- Ch. 7 - DNA Structure and Replication71
- Ch. 8 - Molecular Biology of Transcription and RNA Processing79
- Ch. 9 - The Molecular Biology of Translation110
- Ch. 10 - Eukaryotic Chromosome Abnormalities and Molecular Organization100
- Ch. 11 - Gene Mutation, DNA Repair, and Homologous Recombination86
- Ch. 12 - Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria and Bacteriophage90
- Ch. 13 - Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes38
- Ch. 14 - Analysis of Gene Function via Forward Genetics and Reverse Genetics72
- Ch. 15 - Recombinant DNA Technology and Its Applications69
- Ch. 16 - Genomics: Genetics from a Whole-Genome Perspective49
- Ch. 17 - Organelle Inheritance and the Evolution of Organelle Genomes27
- Ch. 18 - Developmental Genetics43
- Ch. 19 - Genetic Analysis of Quantitative Traits66
- Ch. 20 - Population Genetics and Evolution at the Population, Species, and Molecular Levels105
Sanders3rd EditionGenetic Analysis: An Integrated ApproachISBN: 9780135564172Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 9, Problem 39k
Answer the following questions about the accompanying diagram.
What process(es) are illustrated in the diagram?
Verified step by step guidance1
Examine the diagram carefully. The image illustrates a process involving DNA (labeled A), mRNA (labeled C), ribosomes (labeled D), and polypeptide chains (labeled F and G). This suggests the diagram is depicting transcription and translation.
Identify the first part of the process. The DNA (A) is being transcribed into mRNA (C) by the enzyme RNA polymerase (labeled B). This is the transcription phase, where the genetic information in DNA is converted into a complementary RNA sequence.
Focus on the second part of the process. The mRNA (C) is interacting with ribosomes (D), which are facilitating the translation process. Translation is the synthesis of polypeptides (F and G) based on the sequence of codons in the mRNA.
Note the role of ribosomes (D). Ribosomes are responsible for reading the mRNA sequence and assembling amino acids into polypeptide chains (F and G) using tRNA molecules. This is a key step in protein synthesis.
Summarize the processes illustrated. The diagram shows two major processes in gene expression: transcription (DNA to mRNA) and translation (mRNA to polypeptide chains). These processes are essential for converting genetic information into functional proteins.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Translation
Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using messenger RNA (mRNA) as a template. During this process, the ribosome reads the sequence of codons in the mRNA, and transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules bring the corresponding amino acids to form a polypeptide chain. This is a crucial step in gene expression, converting genetic information into functional proteins.
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07:58
Translation initiation
mRNA
Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized. It is transcribed from the DNA template during transcription and contains codons that specify the sequence of amino acids in a protein. The structure of mRNA is linear and single-stranded, allowing it to be translated into proteins.
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08:39mRNA Processing
Ribosome
Ribosomes are complex molecular machines found within all living cells that facilitate the translation of mRNA into proteins. They consist of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins, forming two subunits that come together during protein synthesis. Ribosomes read the mRNA sequence and coordinate the assembly of amino acids into polypeptides, making them essential for cellular function and growth.
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03:49Ribosome Structure
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Answer the following questions about the accompanying diagram.
Indicate where fMet is located in the string to the right of G.
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Textbook Question
Answer the following questions about the accompanying diagram.
Which end of the polypeptide is closest to G?
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Textbook Question
Answer the following questions about the accompanying diagram.
Does the diagram depict molecular activity in a bacterium or a eukaryote? Explain the reasoning for your answer.
520
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Textbook Question
For each of the following tRNA anticodon sequences, give the sequence of the corresponding codon sequence, the amino acid carried by the tRNA, and the corresponding DNA coding strand sequence and polarity.
3′-UAC-5′
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Textbook Question
For each of the following tRNA anticodon sequences, give the sequence of the corresponding codon sequence, the amino acid carried by the tRNA, and the corresponding DNA coding strand sequence and polarity.
3′-CCU-5′
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