Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
Hormones that decrease blood volume and blood pressure include antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone.
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Ch. 18 The Cardiovascular System II: The Blood Vessels
Amerman2nd EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136873822
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology26
- Ch. 2 The Chemistry of Life38
- Ch. 3 The Cell55
- Ch. 4 Histology47
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System30
- Ch. 6 Bones and Bone Tissue36
- Ch. 7 The Skeletal System40
- Ch. 8 Articulations19
- Ch. 9 The Muscular System36
- Ch. 10 Muscle Tissue and Physiology29
- Ch. 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue28
- Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System42
- Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System41
- Ch. 14 The Autonomic Nervous System and Homeostasis31
- Ch. 15 The Special Senses39
- Ch. 16 The Endocrine System42
- Ch. 17 The Cardiovascular System I: The Heart30
- Ch. 18 The Cardiovascular System II: The Blood Vessels43
- Ch. 19 Blood32
- Ch. 20 The Lymphatic System and Immunity45
- Ch. 21 The Respiratory System27
- Ch. 22 The Digestive System27
- Ch. 23 Metabolism and Nutrition7
- Ch. 24 The Urinary System39
- Ch. 25 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Homeostasis39
- Ch. 26 The Reproductive System10
- Ch. 27 Development and Heredity5
Chapter 18, Problem 9a
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
The sympathetic nervous system increases blood pressure in the short term by increasing cardiac output and peripheral resistance.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the role of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) in regulating blood pressure. The SNS is part of the autonomic nervous system and is responsible for the 'fight or flight' response, which includes increasing heart rate, cardiac output, and peripheral resistance to elevate blood pressure in the short term.
Step 2: Analyze the statement provided. The statement claims that the sympathetic nervous system increases blood pressure in the short term by increasing cardiac output and peripheral resistance. This aligns with the physiological function of the SNS during stress or emergencies.
Step 3: Determine if the statement is true or false. Based on the physiological role of the SNS, the statement is true because the SNS does increase blood pressure in the short term by increasing both cardiac output (via increased heart rate and stroke volume) and peripheral resistance (via vasoconstriction).
Step 4: If the statement were false, you would need to correct it. For example, if the statement incorrectly claimed that the SNS decreases blood pressure, you would correct it by explaining that the SNS increases blood pressure through mechanisms such as vasoconstriction and increased cardiac activity.
Step 5: Conclude that the statement is true and does not require correction, as it accurately describes the short-term effects of the sympathetic nervous system on blood pressure regulation.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Sympathetic Nervous System
The sympathetic nervous system is a part of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for 'fight or flight' responses. It increases heart rate, dilates airways, and redirects blood flow to essential organs, thereby enhancing physical performance and alertness. Understanding its role is crucial for analyzing how it affects cardiovascular functions.
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1:21
Sympathetic Nervous System Example 3
Cardiac Output
Cardiac output refers to the volume of blood the heart pumps per minute, calculated as the product of heart rate and stroke volume. It is a key determinant of blood pressure and overall circulatory efficiency. An increase in cardiac output typically leads to higher blood pressure, especially during stress or physical activity.
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Guided course
9:44Events in the Cardiac Cycle
Peripheral Resistance
Peripheral resistance is the resistance to blood flow offered by the blood vessels, primarily determined by their diameter. When blood vessels constrict, peripheral resistance increases, leading to higher blood pressure. The sympathetic nervous system influences this resistance through vasoconstriction, which is vital for understanding blood pressure regulation.
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3:33Peripheral Nervous System
Related Practice
Textbook Question
The lowest pressure in the systemic circuit occurs in the:
a. Arteries
b. Arterioles
c. Capillaries
d. Venules
e. Veins
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Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
A sudden increase or decrease in blood pressure triggers the baroreceptor reflex, which is mediated by the medulla and the autonomic nervous system.
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Textbook Question
The two pressures within the systemic arterial circuit are the_____ pressure and _____ pressure. The difference between these two pressures is the_____ pressure.
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Textbook Question
Explain the mechanisms that assist in the return of venous blood to the heart.
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Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
Angiotensin-II is a chemical that produces profound vasoconstriction.
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