Textbook Question
Which two cranial nerves mediate the gag reflex?
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Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System
Amerman2nd EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136873822
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology26
- Ch. 2 The Chemistry of Life38
- Ch. 3 The Cell55
- Ch. 4 Histology47
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System30
- Ch. 6 Bones and Bone Tissue36
- Ch. 7 The Skeletal System40
- Ch. 8 Articulations19
- Ch. 9 The Muscular System36
- Ch. 10 Muscle Tissue and Physiology29
- Ch. 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue28
- Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System42
- Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System41
- Ch. 14 The Autonomic Nervous System and Homeostasis31
- Ch. 15 The Special Senses39
- Ch. 16 The Endocrine System42
- Ch. 17 The Cardiovascular System I: The Heart30
- Ch. 18 The Cardiovascular System II: The Blood Vessels43
- Ch. 19 Blood32
- Ch. 20 The Lymphatic System and Immunity45
- Ch. 21 The Respiratory System27
- Ch. 22 The Digestive System27
- Ch. 23 Metabolism and Nutrition7
- Ch. 24 The Urinary System39
- Ch. 25 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Homeostasis39
- Ch. 26 The Reproductive System10
- Ch. 27 Development and Heredity5
Chapter 13, Problem 17b
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
b. The Golgi tendon organs detect stretch in a simple stretch reflex.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of Golgi tendon organs: Golgi tendon organs are sensory receptors located at the junction of muscles and tendons. Their primary function is to detect tension or force in the tendon, not stretch. This is a key distinction to keep in mind.
Review the concept of a simple stretch reflex: A simple stretch reflex, such as the patellar reflex, is mediated by muscle spindles, which are specialized sensory receptors that detect changes in muscle length (stretch) and initiate a reflexive contraction to maintain muscle tone.
Compare the functions of Golgi tendon organs and muscle spindles: Muscle spindles are responsible for detecting stretch and initiating the stretch reflex, while Golgi tendon organs monitor tension and help prevent excessive force that could damage the muscle or tendon.
Evaluate the statement: The statement claims that Golgi tendon organs detect stretch in a simple stretch reflex. This is incorrect because Golgi tendon organs detect tension, not stretch, and they are not involved in the simple stretch reflex.
Correct the statement: The corrected statement should read, 'The Golgi tendon organs detect tension in the tendon and are involved in the Golgi tendon reflex, not the simple stretch reflex.'
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Golgi Tendon Organs
Golgi tendon organs are sensory receptors located at the junction of muscles and tendons. They primarily detect changes in muscle tension rather than stretch. When a muscle contracts, these organs send signals to the central nervous system to prevent excessive force that could lead to injury.
Recommended video:
3:01
Tendon Reflex
Stretch Reflex
The stretch reflex is a protective mechanism that helps maintain muscle tone and posture. It occurs when a muscle is stretched, triggering a reflexive contraction of that muscle to prevent overstretching. This reflex is mediated by muscle spindle fibers, not Golgi tendon organs.
Recommended video:
3:37Stretch Reflex
Muscle Spindles
Muscle spindles are specialized sensory receptors located within the belly of muscles. They are responsible for detecting changes in muscle length (stretch) and the rate of that change. When a muscle is stretched, muscle spindles send signals to the spinal cord, initiating the stretch reflex to maintain muscle stability.
Recommended video:
04:02Centrosomes & Mitotic Spindles
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Which of the following somatic sensations is not carried by the posterior columns?
a. Tactile senses
b. Temperature
c. Proprioception
d. Stretch
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Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
a. The simple stretch reflex is a monosynaptic reflex with only a single synapse in the spinal cord between the sensory and motor neurons.
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Textbook Question
Which of the following is the correct order of events of a reflex arc?
a. Stimulus detection and delivery → motor response → integration in the CNS
b. Motor response → stimulus detection and delivery → integration in the CNS
c. Stimulus detection and delivery → integration in the CNS → delivery of motor response
d. Integration in the CNS → motor response → stimulus detection and delivery
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Textbook Question
Label the following components of the corticospinal tracts with numbers 1 through 6, with 1 being the origin of the tracts and 6 their destination.
_____ Medullary pyramids where most fibers decussate.
_____ Anterior horn of the spinal gray matter.
_____ Midbrain and pons.
_____ Upper motor neurons in the primary motor and premotor cortices.
_____ Corona radiata and internal capsule.
_____ Lateral funiculus of the spinal cord.
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Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
c. A flexion reflex is a monosynaptic reflex with only one synapse in the spinal cord.
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