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Ch. 5 - Chromosome Mapping in Eukaryotes
Klug - Concepts of Genetics  12th Edition
Klug12th EditionConcepts of Genetics ISBN: 9780135564776Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 5, Problem 15b

Another cross in Drosophila involved the recessive, X-linked genes yellow (y), white (w), and cut (ct). A yellow-bodied, white-eyed female with normal wings was crossed to a male whose eyes and body were normal but whose wings were cut. The F1 females were wild type for all three traits, while the F1 males expressed the yellow-body and white-eye traits. The cross was carried to an F2 progeny, and only male offspring were tallied. On the basis of the data shown here, a genetic map was constructed.
Table showing male offspring counts for Drosophila phenotypes involving yellow, white, and cut genes in a genetic cross.
Construct a map, assuming that white is at locus 1.5 on the X chromosome.

Verified step by step guidance
1
Step 1: Understand the problem and identify the key elements. This problem involves constructing a genetic map based on the recombination frequencies of three X-linked genes: yellow (y), white (w), and cut (ct). The data provided represents the phenotypes and counts of male offspring in the F₂ generation. White is given as being at locus 1.5 on the X chromosome.
Step 2: Determine the parental and recombinant phenotypes. Parental phenotypes are those that match the original parental combinations of alleles, while recombinant phenotypes result from crossing over during meiosis. From the data, identify which phenotypes are parental and which are recombinant based on their frequencies.
Step 3: Calculate recombination frequencies. Recombination frequency is calculated as the number of recombinant offspring divided by the total number of offspring, multiplied by 100 to express it as a percentage. Use the counts provided in the table to calculate the recombination frequencies between each pair of genes (y-w, w-ct, and y-ct).
Step 4: Use recombination frequencies to determine the genetic distances between the genes. Genetic distance is proportional to recombination frequency and is expressed in map units (centiMorgans, cM). For example, if the recombination frequency between y and w is 10%, the genetic distance is 10 cM. Repeat this for all gene pairs.
Step 5: Construct the genetic map. Place the genes on the X chromosome based on their calculated distances. Start with white at locus 1.5 as given, then position yellow and cut relative to white based on the genetic distances. Ensure the map reflects the order and spacing of the genes accurately.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

X-linked Inheritance

X-linked inheritance refers to the pattern of inheritance for genes located on the X chromosome. In Drosophila, males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome, while females have two X chromosomes. This means that recessive traits linked to the X chromosome are more likely to be expressed in males, as they have only one copy of the X chromosome. Understanding this concept is crucial for analyzing the inheritance patterns of traits in the given cross.
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X-Inactivation

Phenotypic Ratios

Phenotypic ratios describe the relative frequencies of different phenotypes in the offspring resulting from a genetic cross. In this case, the observed ratios of male offspring phenotypes provide insight into the genetic linkage and the arrangement of genes on the X chromosome. Analyzing these ratios helps in determining the genetic map and the distances between the genes based on recombination frequencies.
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Mutations and Phenotypes

Genetic Mapping

Genetic mapping is the process of determining the relative positions of genes on a chromosome based on recombination frequencies. By analyzing the offspring's phenotypes and their ratios, researchers can infer the distances between genes, which is expressed in map units or centimorgans. In this scenario, constructing a genetic map involves placing the white gene at a specific locus and determining the positions of the yellow and cut genes relative to it.
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Mapping Overview
Related Practice
Textbook Question

In Drosophila, a cross was made between females—all expressing the three X-linked recessive traits scute bristles (sc), sable body (s), and vermilion eyes (v)—and wild-type males. In the F1, all females were wild type, while all males expressed all three mutant traits. The cross was carried to the F2 generation, and 1000 offspring were counted, with the results shown in the following table.

No determination of sex was made in the data.

Are there more or fewer double crossovers than expected?

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Textbook Question

In Drosophila, a cross was made between females, all expressing the three X-linked recessive traits scute bristles (sc), sable body (s), and vermilion eyes (v)—and wild-type males. In the F₁, all females were wild type, while all males expressed all three mutant traits. The cross was carried to the F₂ generation, and 1000 offspring were counted, with the results shown in the following table.

No determination of sex was made in the data. Calculate the coefficient of coincidence. Does it represent positive or negative interference?

908
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Textbook Question

Another cross in Drosophila involved the recessive, X-linked genes yellow (y), white (w), and cut (ct). A yellow-bodied, white-eyed female with normal wings was crossed to a male whose eyes and body were normal but whose wings were cut. The F₁ females were wild type for all three traits, while the F1 males expressed the yellow-body and white-eye traits. The cross was carried to an F2 progeny, and only male offspring were tallied. On the basis of the data shown here, a genetic map was constructed.

Diagram the genotypes of the F1 parents.

632
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Textbook Question

Another cross in Drosophila involved the recessive, X-linked genes yellow (y), white (w), and cut (ct). A yellow-bodied, white-eyed female with normal wings was crossed to a male whose eyes and body were normal but whose wings were cut. The F₁ females were wild type for all three traits, while the F₁ males expressed the yellow-body and white-eye traits. The cross was carried to an F₂ progeny, and only male offspring were tallied. On the basis of the data shown here, a genetic map was constructed.

Were any double-crossover offspring expected?

768
views
Textbook Question

Another cross in Drosophila involved the recessive, X-linked genes yellow (y), white (w), and cut (ct). A yellow-bodied, white-eyed female with normal wings was crossed to a male whose eyes and body were normal but whose wings were cut. The F1 females were wild type for all three traits, while the F1 males expressed the yellow-body and white-eye traits. The cross was carried to an F2 progeny, and only male offspring were tallied. On the basis of the data shown here, a genetic map was constructed.

Could the F2 female offspring be used to construct the map? Why or why not?

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Textbook Question

In Drosophila, Dichaete (D) is a mutation on chromosome III with a dominant effect on wing shape. It is lethal when homozygous. The genes ebony body (e) and pink eye (p) are recessive mutations on chromosome III. Flies from a Dichaete stock were crossed to homozygous ebony, pink flies, and the F₁ progeny, with a Dichaete phenotype, were backcrossed to the ebony, pink homozygotes. Using the results of this backcross shown in the table.

Diagram this cross, showing the genotypes of the parents and offspring of both crosses.

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