Textbook Question
Which two cranial nerves mediate the gag reflex?
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Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System
Amerman2nd EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136873822
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology26
- Ch. 2 The Chemistry of Life38
- Ch. 3 The Cell55
- Ch. 4 Histology47
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System30
- Ch. 6 Bones and Bone Tissue36
- Ch. 7 The Skeletal System40
- Ch. 8 Articulations19
- Ch. 9 The Muscular System36
- Ch. 10 Muscle Tissue and Physiology29
- Ch. 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue28
- Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System42
- Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System41
- Ch. 14 The Autonomous Nervous System and Homeostasis31
- Ch. 15 The Special Senses39
- Ch. 16 The Endocrine System42
- Ch. 17 The Cardiovascular System I: The Heart30
- Ch. 18 The Cardiovascular System II: The Blood Vessels43
- Ch. 19 Blood32
- Ch. 20 The Lymphatic System and Immunity45
- Ch. 21 The Respiratory System27
- Ch. 22 The Digestive System27
- Ch. 23 Nutrition and Metabolism7
- Ch. 24 The Urinary System39
- Ch. 25 Fluids, Electrolytes, and Acid-Base Homeostasis39
- Ch. 26 The Reproductive System10
- Ch. 27 Development and Heredity5
Chapter 13, Problem 17c
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
c. A flexion reflex is a monosynaptic reflex with only one synapse in the spinal cord.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the definition of a flexion reflex: A flexion reflex is a type of withdrawal reflex that causes a limb to withdraw from a painful stimulus. It is a polysynaptic reflex, meaning it involves multiple synapses in the spinal cord.
Review the term 'monosynaptic reflex': A monosynaptic reflex involves only one synapse between a sensory neuron and a motor neuron, such as the stretch reflex (e.g., the patellar reflex).
Compare the characteristics of a flexion reflex and a monosynaptic reflex: A flexion reflex involves interneurons in the spinal cord, which means it is polysynaptic, not monosynaptic.
Evaluate the statement: The statement 'A flexion reflex is a monosynaptic reflex with only one synapse in the spinal cord' is false because a flexion reflex is polysynaptic, not monosynaptic.
Correct the false statement: The corrected statement is 'A flexion reflex is a polysynaptic reflex that involves multiple synapses in the spinal cord.'
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Flexion Reflex
The flexion reflex is a protective reflex that causes a rapid withdrawal of a limb from a painful stimulus. It involves multiple synapses and is typically classified as a polysynaptic reflex, meaning it includes at least one interneuron between the sensory and motor neurons, allowing for a more complex response.
Recommended video:
3:37
Stretch Reflex
Monosynaptic vs. Polysynaptic Reflexes
Monosynaptic reflexes involve a direct connection between a sensory neuron and a motor neuron, resulting in a quick response, such as the knee-jerk reflex. In contrast, polysynaptic reflexes involve one or more interneurons, which can integrate multiple signals and produce a more coordinated response, as seen in the flexion reflex.
Recommended video:
3:37Stretch Reflex
Spinal Cord Function
The spinal cord serves as a critical pathway for transmitting signals between the brain and the rest of the body. It plays a key role in reflex actions, where sensory information is processed locally to produce immediate responses without the need for brain involvement, thus facilitating quick reactions to stimuli.
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06:04Functional Groups
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Which of the following somatic sensations is not carried by the posterior columns?
a. Tactile senses
b. Temperature
c. Proprioception
d. Stretch
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Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
b. The Golgi tendon organs detect stretch in a simple stretch reflex.
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Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
b. Thermoreceptors send temperature information to centers in the hypothalamus.
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Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
a. The simple stretch reflex is a monosynaptic reflex with only a single synapse in the spinal cord between the sensory and motor neurons.
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Textbook Question
Label the following components of the corticospinal tracts with numbers 1 through 6, with 1 being the origin of the tracts and 6 their destination.
_____ Medullary pyramids where most fibers decussate.
_____ Anterior horn of the spinal gray matter.
_____ Midbrain and pons.
_____ Upper motor neurons in the primary motor and premotor cortices.
_____ Corona radiata and internal capsule.
_____ Lateral funiculus of the spinal cord.
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