Ibuprofen 1C13H18O22, marketed under such brand names as Advil and Motrin, is a drug sold over the counter for treatment of pain and inflammation. Complete the structure of ibuprofen by adding hydrogen atoms and lone pairs where needed.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the number of valence electrons for each atom in the structure: Carbon (C) has 4, Hydrogen (H) has 1, and Oxygen (O) has 6.
2. Count the total number of valence electrons in the given structure and compare it with the total number of valence electrons in the complete structure of ibuprofen (C13H18O2).
3. Add hydrogen atoms to each carbon atom to ensure that each carbon has four bonds (either to hydrogen or other atoms).
4. Add lone pairs to oxygen atoms to ensure that each oxygen has a complete octet (8 electrons).
5. Double-check the structure to ensure that all atoms have the correct number of bonds and lone pairs, and that the total number of valence electrons matches the expected count for C13H18O2.

Key Concepts

Lewis Structures

Lewis structures are diagrams that represent the bonding between atoms in a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist. They help visualize the arrangement of electrons and the connectivity of atoms, which is crucial for understanding molecular geometry and reactivity. In the case of ibuprofen, completing the Lewis structure involves adding hydrogen atoms and lone pairs to satisfy the octet rule for each atom.

Octet Rule

The octet rule is a chemical rule of thumb that states atoms tend to bond in such a way that they each have eight electrons in their valence shell, achieving a stable electron configuration similar to that of noble gases. This rule is essential for determining how many hydrogen atoms need to be added to the ibuprofen structure to ensure that all carbon and oxygen atoms fulfill their octet requirements, leading to a stable molecule.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In ibuprofen, the presence of carboxylic acid and aromatic functional groups influences its properties and biological activity. Understanding these groups is important for predicting how ibuprofen interacts with biological systems and how to accurately represent its structure.