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Ch. 18 - Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria
Freeman - Biological Science 8th Edition
Freeman8th EditionBiological ScienceISBN: 9780138276263Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 18, Problem 15

What characteristic of the light-producing regulatory circuit is consistent with the idea that it may be a regulon?
What characteristic of this circuit stretches the definition for a regulon?

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1
Understand the concept of a regulon: A regulon is a group of genes or operons that are regulated by the same regulatory protein, often responding to a common environmental signal. These genes may be located in different parts of the genome but are co-regulated.
Identify the characteristic that supports the idea of a regulon: The light-producing regulatory circuit may involve multiple genes or operons that are controlled by a single regulatory protein or a common signaling pathway. This shared regulation is consistent with the definition of a regulon.
Examine the characteristic that stretches the definition of a regulon: If the light-producing circuit involves genes that are not directly co-regulated by a single regulatory protein but instead rely on a more complex network of interactions or multiple regulatory proteins, this could challenge the traditional definition of a regulon.
Consider spatial and functional organization: Regulons typically involve genes that are functionally related, even if they are not physically adjacent in the genome. If the light-producing circuit includes genes with diverse or unrelated functions, this could further stretch the definition.
Analyze the regulatory mechanism: If the circuit relies on feedback loops, cross-talk between pathways, or other non-linear regulatory mechanisms, it may deviate from the simpler, linear regulatory model typically associated with regulons.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Regulon

A regulon is a collection of genes or operons that are regulated by the same regulatory protein, allowing for coordinated expression in response to environmental changes. This concept is crucial for understanding how cells can efficiently respond to stimuli by activating or repressing multiple genes simultaneously, often leading to a unified physiological response.

Light-Producing Regulatory Circuit

The light-producing regulatory circuit refers to the network of genes and proteins involved in the synthesis and regulation of light-emitting compounds, such as luciferin and luciferase in bioluminescent organisms. This circuit exemplifies how organisms can adapt their metabolic pathways to environmental light conditions, showcasing the interplay between environmental signals and gene expression.
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Definition Stretching for a Regulon

A characteristic that stretches the definition of a regulon may involve the presence of genes that are not directly regulated by the same protein but are still co-expressed under certain conditions. This can complicate the traditional view of a regulon, as it suggests a more intricate regulatory network where multiple factors influence gene expression, blurring the lines of strict regulatory control.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

The light-producing genes of V. fischeri are organized in an operon that is under positive control by an activator protein called LuxR.

Would you expect the genes of this operon to be transcribed when LuxR is bound or not bound to a DNA regulatory sequence? Explain.

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Textbook Question

The diagram shown here is a model of the gene regulatory circuit for light production by V. fischeri cells. The lux operon contains genes for luminescence (luxCDABE) and a gene, luxI, that encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the production of an inducer. This inducer easily moves back and forth across the plasma membrane and acts as a signaling molecule. The lux operon is never completely turned off. The luxR gene codes for the activator LuxR. The inducer can bind to LuxR, and when it does, the LuxR–inducer complex can bind to a regulatory site to activate transcription of the lux operon and inhibit transcription of luxR.

Explain how this gene regulatory circuit accounts for bacteria emitting light only when they reach a high cell density.

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Textbook Question

LuxR is allosterically regulated by the inducer molecule secreted by V. fischeri.

What does it mean that LuxR is allosterically regulated?

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Textbook Question

Quorum sensing (introduced in Ch. 11, Section 11.4) allows bacteria to detect the number of neighboring cells and to trigger a response only when this number reaches a critical level. Quorum sensing is used by V. fischeri in light production and by many pathogenic bacteria, including Vibrio cholerae, to turn on genes for toxin production only when a critical cell density is reached.

Why might quorum sensing be beneficial to pathogenic bacteria?

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