Textbook Question
Select the container that represents the dilution of a 4% (m/v) KCl solution to give each of the following:
a. a 2% (m/v) KCl solution
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Ch.9 Solutions
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 Chemistry in Our Lives11
- Ch.2 Chemistry and Measurements80
- Ch.3 Matter and Energy54
- Ch.4 Atoms and Elements51
- Ch.5 Nuclear Chemistry42
- Ch.6 Ionic and Molecular Compounds57
- Ch.7 Chemical Quantities and Reactions41
- Ch.8 Gases29
- Ch.9 Solutions51
- Ch.10 Acids and Bases and Equilibrium65
- Ch.11 Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons78
- Ch.12 Alcohols, Thiols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones83
- Ch.13 Carbohydrates54
- Ch.14 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, Amines, and Amides90
- Ch.15 Lipids61
- Ch.16 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes84
- Ch.17 Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis83
- Ch.18 Metabolic Pathways and ATP Production67
Timberlake13th EditionChemistry: An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryISBN: 9780134421353Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 9, Problem 84a
Select the diagram that represents the shape of a red blood cell when placed in each of the following a to e: (9.6)
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a. 0.9% (m/v) NaCl solution
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the concept of tonicity. Tonicity refers to the relative concentration of solutes in a solution compared to the solutes inside a cell. A 0.9% (m/v) NaCl solution is considered isotonic to human red blood cells.
Step 2: Analyze the effect of an isotonic solution on red blood cells. In an isotonic solution, the concentration of solutes outside the cell is equal to the concentration inside the cell, so there is no net movement of water across the cell membrane.
Step 3: Predict the shape of the red blood cell in an isotonic solution. Since there is no net movement of water, the red blood cell maintains its normal shape, which is a biconcave disk.
Step 4: Compare the diagrams provided. Diagram A represents a normal red blood cell in its biconcave disk shape, which matches the expected shape in an isotonic solution.
Step 5: Conclude that the correct diagram for a red blood cell in a 0.9% (m/v) NaCl solution is Diagram A, as it represents the normal shape of the cell in an isotonic environment.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Red Blood Cell Structure
Red blood cells (RBCs) are biconcave discs that facilitate gas exchange by maximizing surface area. Their unique shape allows them to deform as they navigate through narrow capillaries, ensuring efficient oxygen delivery and carbon dioxide removal. Understanding this structure is crucial for analyzing how RBCs respond to different osmotic environments.
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Cell Membranes Concept 2
Osmosis and Tonicity
Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. Tonicity refers to the relative concentration of solutes in a solution compared to the cell's interior. Solutions can be isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic, affecting the shape and volume of RBCs based on the surrounding environment.
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Isotonic Solutions
An isotonic solution has the same solute concentration as the inside of the cell, resulting in no net movement of water. In a 0.9% (m/v) NaCl solution, which is isotonic to human blood, red blood cells maintain their normal biconcave shape. This concept is essential for understanding how cells behave in different solutions and the importance of maintaining osmotic balance.
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Related Practice
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A pickle is made by soaking a cucumber in brine, a salt-water solution. What makes the smooth cucumber become wrinkled like a prune?
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Textbook Question
A semipermeable membrane separates two compartments, A and B. If the levels in A and B are equal initially, select the diagram that illustrates the final levels in a to d:
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Textbook Question
Potassium nitrate has a solubility of 32 g of KNO3 in 100. g of H2O at 20 °C. Determine if each of the following forms an unsaturated or saturated solution at 20 °C:
a. adding 32 g of KNO3 to 200. g of H2O
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Textbook Question
An 80-proof brandy is a 40.% (v/v) ethanol solution. The "proof" is twice the percent concentration of alcohol in the beverage. How many milliliters of alcohol are present in 750 mL of brandy?
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Textbook Question
In a laboratory experiment, a 10.0-mL sample of NaCl solution is poured into an evaporating dish with a mass of 24.10 g. The combined mass of the evaporating dish and NaCl solution is 36.15 g. After heating, the evaporating dish and dry NaCl have a combined mass of 25.50 g.
a. What is the mass percent (m/m) of the NaCl solution?
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