1. Learning About Life
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: A Passion for Life
1.1 The Scientific Study of Life
1.2 The Properties of Life
1.3 Major Themes in Biology
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: Turtles in the Tree of Life
Chapter 1 Review

UNIT 1: CELLS

2. Essential Chemistry for Biology
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Nuclear Medicine
2.1 Some Basic Chemistry
2.2 Water and Life
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: Radioactivity as an Evolutionary Clock
Chapter 2 Review
3. The Molecules of Life
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Got Lactose?
3.1 Organic Compounds
3.2 Large Biological Molecules
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: The Evolution of Lactose Intolerance in Humans
Chapter 3 Review
4. A Tour of the Cell
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Antibiotics: Drugs That Target Bacterial Cells
4.1 The Microscopic World of Cells
4.2 Membrane Structure
4.3 The Nucleus and Ribosomes: Genetic Control of the Cell
4.4 The Endomembrane System: Manufacturing and Distributing Cellular Products
4.5 Chloroplasts and Mitochondria: Providing Cellular Energy
4.6 The Cytoskeleton: Cell Shape and Movement
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: The Evolution of Bacterial Resistance in Humans
Chapter 4 Review
5. The Working Cell
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Harnessing Cellular Structures
5.1 Some Basic Energy Concepts
5.2 ATP and Cellular Work
5.3 Enzymes
5.4 Membrane Function
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: The Origin of Membranes
Chapter 5 Review
6. Cellular Respiration: Obtaining Energy from Food
introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Getting the Most Out of Your Muscles
6.1 Energy Flow and Chemical Cycling in the Biosphere
6.2 Cellular Respiration: Aerobic Harvest of Food Energy
6.3 Fermentation: Anaerobic Harvest of Food Energy
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: The Importance of Oxygen
Chapter 6 Review
7. Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: A Solar Revolution
7.1 The Basics of Photosynthesis
7.2 The Light Reactions: Converting Solar Energy to Chemical Energy
7.3 The Calvin Cycle: Making Sugar from Carbon Dioxide
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: Creating a Better Biofuel Factory
Chapter 7 Review

UNIT 2: GENETICS

8. Cellular Reproduction: Cells from Cells
introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Virgin Birth of a Shark
8.1 What Cell Reproduction Accomplishes
8.2 The Cell Cycle and Mitosis
8.3 Meiosis, the Basis of Sexual Reproduction
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: The Advantages of Sex
Chapter 8 Review
9. Patterns of Inheritance
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Darwin's Dogs
9.1 Genetics and Heredity
9.2 Variations on Mendel's Laws
9.3 The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: Barking Up the Evolutionary Tree
Chapter 9 Review
10. The Structure and Function of DNA
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: The Emergence of COVID-19
10.1 DNA: Structure and Replication
10.2 From DNA to RNA to Protein
10.3 Viruses and Other Noncellular Infectious Agents
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: Emerging Viruses
Chapter 10 Review
11. How Genes Are Controlled
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Breast Cancer and Chemotherapy
11.1 How and Why Genes Are Regulated
11.2 Cloning Plants and Animals
11.3 The Genetic Basis of Cancer
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: The Evolution of Cancer in the Body
Chapter 11 Review
12. DNA Technology
Introduction
DNA Profiling
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Using DNA to Establish Guilt and Innocence
12.1 Genetic Engineering
12.2 DNA Profiling and Forensic Science
12.3 Bioinformatics
12.4 Safety and Ethical Issues
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: The Y Chromosome as a Window on History
Chapter 12 Review

UNIT 3: EVOLUTION AND DIVERSITY

13. How Populations Evolve
Introduction
Evolution in Action
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Mosquitoes and Evolution
13.1 The Diversity of Life
13.2 Charles Darwin and The Origin of Species
13.3 Evidence of Evolution
13.4 Natural Selection as the Mechanism for Evolution
13.5 The Evolution of Populations
13.6 Mechanisms of Evolution
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: The Rising Threat of Antibiotic Resistance
Chapter 13 Review
14. How Biological Diversity Evolves
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Humanity's Footprint
14.1 The Origin of Species
14.2 Earth History and Macroevolution
14.3 Mechanisms of Macroevolution
14.4 Classifying the Diversity of Life
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: Evolution in the Anthropocene
Chapter 14 Review
15. The Evolution of Microbial Life
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Our Invisible Inhabitants
15.1 Major Episodes in the History of Life
15.2 The Origin of Life
15.3 Prokaryotes
15.4 Protists
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: The Sweet Life of Streptococcus mutans
Chapter 15 Review
16. The Evolution of Plants and Fungi
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: The Diamond of the Kitchen
16.1 Colonizing Land
16.2 Plant Diversity
16.3 Fungi
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: A Pioneering Partnership
Chapter 16 Review
17. The Evolution of Animals
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Evolving Adaptability
17.1 The Origins of Animal Diversity
17.2 Major Invertebrate Phyla
17.3 Vertebrate Evolution and Diversity
17.4 The Human Ancestry
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: Are We Still Evolving?
Chapter 17 Review

UNIT 4: ECOLOGY

18. An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Penguins, Polar Bears, and People in Peril
18.1 An Overview of Ecology
18.2 Living in Earth's Diverse Environments
18.3 Biomes
18.4 Climate Change
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: Climate Change as an Agent of Natural Selection
Chapter 18 Review
19. Population Ecology
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Invasion of the Lionfish
19.1 An Overview of Population Ecology
19.2 Population Growth Models
19.3 Applications of Population Ecology
19.4 Human Population Growth
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: Humans as an Invasive Species
Chapter 19 Review
20. Communities and Ecosystems
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Why Biodiversity Matters
20.1 Biodiversity
20.2 Community Ecology
20.3 Ecosystem Ecology
20.4 Conservation and Restoration Biology
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: Saving the Hot Spots
Chapter 20 Review

UNIT 5: ANIMAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

21. Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: An Avoidable Tragedy
21.1 The Structural Organization of Animals
21.2 Exchanges with the External Environment
21.3 Regulating the Internal Environment
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: Adaptations for Thermoregulation
Chapter 21 Revivew
22. Nutrition and Digestion
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: "Diet" Is a Complex Word
22.1 An Overview of Animal Nutrition
22.2 A Tour of the Human Digestive System
22.3 Human Nutritional Requirements
22.4 Nutritional Disorders
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: Fat and Sugar Cravings
Chapter 22 Review
23. Circulation and Respiration
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Avoiding "The Wall"
23.1 Unifying Concepts of Animal Circulation
23.2 The Human Cardiovascular System
23.3 Unifying Concepts of Animal Respiration
23.4 The Human Respiratory System
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: Evolving Endurance
Chapter 23 Review
24. The Body's Defenses
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Herd Immunity
24.1 An Overview of the Immune System
24.2 Innate Immunity
24.3 The Lymphatic System
24.4 Adaptive Immunity
24.5 Immune Disorders
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: Viral Evolution versus the Flu Vaccine
Chapter 24 Review
25. Hormones
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Baseball's Ongoing Steroid Problem
25.1 Hormones: An Overview
25.2 The Human Endocrine System
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: Steroids and Male Aggression
Chapter 25 Review
26. Reproduction and Development
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: New Ways of Making Babies
26.1 Unifying Concepts of Animal Reproduction
26.2 Human Reproduction
26.3 Reproductive Health
26.4 Human Development
26.7 Reproductive Technologies
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: The "Grandmother Hypothesis"
Chapter 26 Review
27. Nervous, Sensory, and Locomotor Systems
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Medicinal Poisons
27.1 An Overview of Animal Nervous Systems
27.2 The Human Nervous System: A Closer Look
27.3 The Senses
27.4 Locomotor Systems
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: A Neurotoxin Arms Race
Chapter 27 Review

UNIT 6: PLANT STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

28. The Life of a Flowering Plant
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: The Buzz on Coffee Plants
28.1 The Structure and Function of a Flowering Plant
28.2 Plant Growth
28.3 The Life Cycle of a Flowering Plant
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: The Problem of the Disappearing Bees
Chapter 28 Review
29. The Working Plant
Introduction
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Planting Hope in the Wake of Disaster
29.1 How Plants Acquire and Transport Nutrients
29.2 Plant Hormones
29.3 Response to Stimuli
EVOLUTION CONNECTION: Plants, Bugs, and People
Chapter 29 Review

APPENDICES

A. Metric Conversion Table
B. The Periodic Table
C. Credits
D. Selected Answers

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