Basic Technical Mathematics, 11th edition
Published by Pearson (January 5, 2017) © 2018
- Allyn J. Washington Dutchess Community College
- Richard Evans Corning Community College
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For courses in technical and pre-engineering technical programs or other programs for which coverage of basic mathematics is required.
The best-seller in technical mathematics gets an “Oh, wow!” update
The 11th Edition of Basic Technical Mathematicsis a bold revision of this classic best-seller. The text now sports an engaging full-color design, and new co-author Rich Evans has introduced a wealth of relevant applications and improvements, many based on user feedback. The text is supported by an all-new online graphing calculator manual, accessible at point-of-use via short URLs. The MyLab™ Math course features hundreds of new algorithmic exercises, tutorial videos, and PowerPoint slides. The text continues to feature a vast number of applications from technical and pre-engineering fields–including computer design, electronics, solar energy, lasers fiber optics, and the environment–and aims to develop students’ understanding of mathematical methods without simply providing a collection of formulas. The authors start the text by establishing a solid background in algebra and trigonometry, recognizing the importance of these topics for success in solving applied problems.
Also available with MyLab Math
MyLab™ Math is an online homework, tutorial, and assessment program designed to work with this text to engage students and improve results. Within its structured environment, students practice what they learn, test their understanding, and pursue a personalized study plan that helps them absorb course material and understand difficult concepts. The MyLab Math course features hundreds of new algorithmic exercises, tutorial videos, and PowerPoint slides.
Students, if interested in purchasing this title with MyLab Math, ask your instructor for the correct package ISBN and Course ID. Instructors, contact your Pearson representative for more information.
- Flexible coverage that easily adapts to fit several courses allows for the chapter order to be changed. Additionally, sections may be included or omitted based on the course length and student major.
- Relevant technical applications--including 300 applied examples and 2,000 applied exercises--relate to traditional fields such as aeronautics, architecture, automotive, business, chemical, civil, construction, energy, fire science, machine, refrigeration, as well as more up-and-coming fields such as computer design, solar energy, lasers, fiber optics, and the environment.
- UPDATED! A student-friendly layout now features a full-colour design to bring the content to life for students. The layout makes the material easier to understand, as the authors specifically avoid breaking examples or important discussions across pages. Also, all figures are shown immediately adjacent to the material in which they are discussed. Finally, the authors avoid referring to equations or formulas by number when the referent is not on the same page spread.
- The over 1000 fully-solved examples feature blue “help text” that explains each step of the solution.
- Exceptional problem sets contain over 9,000 exercises that span from practice exercises, to writing exercises, to applications, to practice tests. Additionally, the first few exercises in most sections make reference to a specific example in the section, helping students to use the examples as a learning resource.
- “Caution” and “Note” features point out common errors, topics where students frequently have difficulty, or material of particular importance.
- Practice Exercises in the margin encourage students to become actively involved in the learning process. Answers to these exercises are given at the end of the exercise set for the section.
- End of Chapter material helps students review and prepare for tests:
- Key Formulas and Equations provide a handy reference for the chapter.
- Chapter Review Exercises consist of (a) Concept Check Exercises (a set of true/false questions) and (b) Practice and Applications.
- Practice Test mirrors what students might see on an actual test. Complete step-by-step solutions are given at the end of the text.
About the Book
- REVISED! Refreshed design, in full color, helps students better use the text and motivates them to learn the mathematics.
- UPDATED! TI-84 Plus-C Graphing Calculator Screens now replace the older TI-84 screens with updated, color versions. Additionally, graphing calculator help for students is accessible online via short URLs in the margins.
- Over 200 new applications feature in the examples and exercises, including:
- Power of a wind turbine (Section 3.4)
- Height of One World Trade Center (Section 4.4)
- GPS satellite velocity (Section 8.4)
- Google’s self-driving car laser distance (Section 9.6)
- Phase angle for current/voltage lead and lag (Section 10.3)
- Growth of computer processor transistor counts (Section 13.7)
- Bezier curve roof design (Section 15.3)
- Cardioid microphone polar pattern (Section 21.7)
- Social networks usage (Section 22.1)
- Video game system market share (Section 22.1)
- Over 600 new and updated exercises give students ample opportunity for practice and application. The authors analyzed aggregated student usage and performance data from MyLab™ Math to create better quality exercises that are more relevant to instructors and students.
- REVISED! Chapter end-matter exercises formerly called “Quick Chapter Review” are now labeled “Concept Check Exercises” to better communicate their function within the chapter end-matter.
- REVISED! Rewritten examples and explanatory material make the content more valuable to students.
Content updates for the eleventh edition were informed by the extensive reviews of the text completed for this revision. These include:
- Unit analysis, including operations with units and unit conversions, has been moved from Appendix B to Section 1.4. Appendix B has been streamlined, but still contains the essential reference materials on units.
- In Section 1.3, more specific instructions have been provided for rounding combined operations with approximate numbers.
- Engineering notation has been added to Section 1.5.
- Finding the domain and range of a function graphically has been added to Section 3.4.
- The terms input, output, piecewise defined functions, and practical domain and range have been added to Chapter 3.
- In response to reviewer feedback, the beginning of Chapter 5 has been reorganized so that systems of equations has a strong introduction in Section 5.2. The prerequisite material needed for systems of equations (linear equations and graphs of linear functions) has been consolidated into Section 5.1. An example involving linear regression has also been added to Section 5.1.
- Solving systems using reduced row echelon form (rref) on a calculator has been added to Chapter 5.
- Several reviewers made the excellent suggestion to strengthen the focus on factoring in Chapter 6 by taking the contents of 6.1 (Special Products) and spreading it throughout the chapter. This change has been implemented. The terminology greatest common factor (GCF) has also been added to this chapter.
- In Chapter 7, the square root property is explicitly stated and illustrated.
- In Chapter 8, the unit circle definition of the trigonometric functions has been added.
- In Chapter 9, more emphasis had been given to solving equilibrium problems, including those that have more than one unknown.
- In Chapter 10, an example was added to show how the phase angle can be interpreted, and how it is different from the phase shift.
- In Chapter 16, the terminology row echelon form is used. Also, solving a system using rref is again illustrated. The material on using properties to evaluate determinants was deleted.
- The terminology binomial coefficients was added to Chapter 19.
- Chapter 22 (Introduction to Statistics) has undergone significant changes.
- Section 22.1 now discusses common graphs used for both qualitative data (bar graphs and pie charts) and quantitative data (histograms, stem-and-leaf plots, and time series plots).
- In Section 22.2, what was previously called the arithmetic mean is now referred to as simply the mean.
- The empirical rule had been added to Section 22.4.
- The sampling distribution of x has been formalized including the statement of the central limit theorem.
- A discussion of interpolation and extrapolation has been added in the context of regression, as well an information on how to interpret the values of r and r2.
- The emphasis of Section 22.7 on nonlinear regression has been changed. Information on how to choose an appropriate type of model depending on the shape of the data has been added. However, a calculator is now used to obtain the actual regression equation.
Also available with MyLab Math
MyLab™ Math is an online homework, tutorial, and assessment program designed to work with this text to engage students and improve results. Within its structured environment, students practice what they learn, test their understanding, and pursue a personalized study plan that helps them absorb course material and understand difficult concepts. The MyLab Math course features hundreds of new algorithmic exercises, tutorial videos, and PowerPoint slides.
- MyLab Math content features new additions, including:
- Hundreds of new assignable algorithmic exercises help address students’ homework needs. All these new exercises are accessible via mobile devices.
- 141 new instructional videos augment the existing 132 videos, and help students do their homework with a modern presentation format.
- A new Graphing Calculator Manual, created specifically for this text, features instructions for the TI-84 and TI-89 family of calculators.
- New PowerPoint® slidesfeature animations designed to help better teach key concepts.
- Study skills modules help students with the life skills (e.g., time management) that can make the difference between passing and failing.
1 Basic Algebraic Operations
1.1 Numbers
1.2 Fundamental Operations of Algebra
1.3 Calculators and Approximate Numbers
1.4 Exponents and Unit Conversions
1.5 Scientific Notation
1.6 Roots and Radicals
1.7 Addition and Subtraction of Algebraic Expressions
1.8 Multiplication of Algebraic Expressions
1.9 Division of Algebraic Expressions
1.10 Solving Equations
1.11 Formulas and Literal Equations
1.12 Applied Word Problems
2 Geometry
2.1 Lines and Angles
2.2 Triangles
2.3 Quadrilaterals
2.4 Circles
2.5 Measurement of Irregular Areas
2.6 Solid Geometric Figures
3 Functions and Graphs
3.1 Introduction to Functions
3.2 More about Functions
3.3 Rectangular Coordinates
3.4 The Graph of a Function
3.5 Graphs on the Graphing Calculator
3.6 Graphs of Functions Defined by Tables of Data
4 The Trigonometric Functions
4.1 Angles
4.2 Defining the Trigonometric Functions
4.3 Values of the Trigonometric Functions
4.4 The Right Triangle
4.5 Applications of Right Triangles
5 Systems of Linear Equations Determinants
5.1 Linear Equations and Graphs of Linear Functions
5.2 Systems of Equations and Graphical Solutions
5.3 Solving Systems of Two Linear Equations in Two Unknowns Algebraically
5.4 Solving Systems of Two Linear Equations in Two Unknowns by Determinants
5.5 Solving Systems of Three Linear Equations in Three Unknowns Algebraically
5.6 Solving Systems of Three Linear Equations in Three Unknowns by Determinants
6 Factoring and Fractions
6.1 Factoring: Greatest Common Factor and Difference of Squares
6.2 Factoring Trinomials
6.3 The Sum and Difference of Cubes
6.4 Equivalent Fractions
6.5 Multiplication and Division of Fractions
6.6 Addition and Subtraction of Fractions
6.7 Equations Involving Fractions
7 Quadratic Equations
7.1 Quadratic Equations; Solution by Factoring
7.2 Completing the Square
7.3 The Quadratic Formula
7.4 The Graph of the Quadratic Function
8 Trigonometric Functions of Any Angle
8.1 Signs of the Trigonometric Functions
8.2 Trigonometric Functions of Any Angle
8.3 Radians
8.4 Applications of Radian Measure
9 Vectors and Oblique Triangles
9.1 Introduction to Vectors
9.2 Components of Vectors
9.3 Vector Addition by Components
9.4 Applications of Vectors
9.5 Oblique Triangles, the Law of Sines
9.6 The Law of Cosines
10 Graphs of the Trigonometric Functions
10.1 Graphs of y = a sin x and y = a cos x
10.2 Graphs of y = a sin bx and y = a cos bx
10.3 Graphs of y = a sin (bx + c) and y = a cos (bx + c)
10.4 Graphs of y = tan x, y = cot x, y = sec x, y = csc x
10.5 Applications of the Trigonometric Graphs
10.6 Composite Trigonometric Curves
11 Exponents and Radicals
11.1 Simplifying Expressions with Integer Exponents
11.2 Fractional Exponents
11.3 Simplest Radical Form
11.4 Addition and Subtraction of Radicals
11.5 Multiplication and Division of Radicals
12 Complex Numbers
12.1 Basic Definitions
12.2 Basic Operations with Complex Numbers
12.3 Graphical Representation of Complex Numbers
12.4 Polar Form of a Complex Number
12.5 Exponential Form of a Complex Number
12.6 Products, Quotients, Powers, and Roots of Complex Numbers
12.7 An Application to Alternating-current (ac) Circuits
13 Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
13.1 Exponential Functions
13.2 Logarithmic Functions
13.3 Properties of Logarithms
13.4 Logarithms to the Base 10
13.5 Natural Logarithms
13.6 Exponential and Logarithmic Equations
13.7 Graphs on Logarithmic and Semilogarithmic Paper
14 Additional Types of Equations and Systems of Equations
14.1 Graphical Solution of Systems of Equations
14.2 Algebraic Solution of Systems of Equations
14.3 Equations in Quadratic Form
14.4 Equations with Radicals
15 Equations of Higher Degree
15.1 The Remainder and Factor Theorems; Synthetic Division
15.2 The Roots of an Equation
15.3 Rational and Irrational Roots
16 Matrices; Systems of Linear Equations
16.1 Matrices: Definitions and Basic Operations
16.2 Multiplication of Matrices
16.3 Finding the Inverse of a Matrix
16.4 Matrices and Linear Equations
16.5 Gaussian Elimination
16.6 Higher-order Determinants
17 Inequalities
17.1 Properties of Inequalities
17.2 Solving Linear Inequalities
17.3 Solving Nonlinear Inequalities
17.4 Inequalities Involving Absolute Values
17.5 Graphical Solution of Inequalities with Two Variables
17.6 Linear Programming
18 Variation
18.1 Ratio and Proportion
18.2 Variation
19 Sequences and the Binomial Theorem
19.1 Arithmetic Sequences
19.2 Geometric Sequences
19.3 Infinite Geometric Series
19.4 The Binomial Theorem
20 Additional Topics in Trigonometry
20.1 Fundamental Trigonometric Identities
20.2 The Sum and Difference Formulas
20.3 Double-Angle Formulas
20.4 Half-Angle Formulas
20.5 Solving Trigonometric Equations
20.6 The Inverse Trigonometric Functions
21 Plane Analytic Geometry
21.1 Basic Definitions
21.2 The Straight Line
21.3 The Circle
21.4 The Parabola
21.5 The Ellipse
21.6 The Hyperbola
21.7 Translation of Axes
21.8 The Second-degree Equation
21.9 Rotation of Axes
21.10 Polar Coordinates
21.11 Curves in Polar Coordinates
22 Introduction to Statistics
22.1 Graphical Displays of Data
22.2 Measures of Central Tendency
22.3 Standard Deviation
22.4 Normal Distributions
22.5 Statistical Process Control
22.6 Linear Regression
22.7 Nonlinear Regression
Appendix A Solving Word Problems
Appendix B Units of Measurement
Allyn J. Washington received his Masters Degree from Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island. Allyn taught mathematics at Trinity College, Hartford, Connecticut, after graduating Phi Beta Kappa from Trinity. He was Professor of Mathematics at Dutchess Community College, Poughkeepsie, New York, where he served as the Mathematics Department Head as well as Dean of the College. Allyn is a founding member of the New York State Mathematics Association of Two Year Colleges and also a founding member of the American Mathematics Association of Two Year Colleges. He was awarded an Honorary Doctorate Degree by State University of New York. He is presently listed in Who's Who in America. The Allyn J. Washington Center for Science and Art Building is named in his honor at Dutchess Community College, Poughkeepsie, New York. Allyn has authored several textbooks in Technical Mathematics for over 50 years, including this edition of Basic Technical Mathematics.
Richard Evans received a Master’s Degree in mathematics from Binghamton University in Binghamton, New York. He is currently a professor of mathematics at Corning Community College, where he has taken an active role in the college’s governance system, including having chaired the mathematics department as well as the College Association. He is a long-standing member of the New York Mathematics Association of Two-Year Colleges and has attended and presented at many of these annual conferences. Rich has a strong background in applied mathematics, and has taken two sabbatical leaves involving real-world applications of math in business and industry. In his free time, Rich enjoys spending time with his family, playing guitar, and boating in the Finger Lakes.
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