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Water Supply and Pollution Control, 8th edition
Published by Pearson (June 9, 2008) © 2009
- Warren Viessman University of Florida
- Mark J. Hammer, Sr. HDR Engineering, Inc.
- Elizabeth M Perez
- Paul Chadick
Price Reduced From: $279.99
Details
- A print text
For upper-division undergraduate or beginning graduate courses in civil and environmental engineering.
The Eighth Edition of this bestselling text has been revised and modernized to meet the needs of today's environmental engineering students who will be engaged in the design and management of water and wastewater systems. It emphasizes the application of the scientific method to problems associated with the development, movement, and treatment of water and wastewater. Recognizing that all waters are potential sources of supply, the authors present treatment processes in the context of what they can do, rather than dividing them along clean water or waste water lines. An abundance of examples and homework problems amplify the concepts presented.
Contents
Preface xvii
Chapter 1   Introduction   Â
1.1          A Historical Perspective   Â
1.2          A Current Global Issue   Â
1.3          A Look to the Future   Â
References   Â
Chapter 2   Water Resources Planning and Management   Â
2.1          Environmental Regulation and Protection   Â
2.2          Security of Water Resources Systems   Â
2.3          Watershed Management   Â
2.4          Integrated Watershed Management   Â
2.5          Role of Geographic Information Systems   Â
2.6          Conclusions   Â
Problems  Â
References   Â
Chapter 3   The Hydrologic Cycle and Natural Water Sources   Â
3.1          The Hydrologic Cycle   Â
The Water Budget   Â
3.2          Mathematics of Hydrology   Â
3.3          Water Quality   Â
3.4          Soil Moisture   Â
Groundwater   Â
3.5          An Introduction to Groundwater Quantity and Quality   Â
3.6          The Subsurface Distribution of Water   Â
3.7          Aquifers   Â
3.8          Safe Yield of an Aquifer   Â
3.9          Groundwater Flow   Â
3.10        Hydraulics of Wells   Â
3.11        Boundary Effects   Â
3.12        Regional Groundwater Systems   Â
3.13        Salt Water Intrusion   Â
3.14        Groundwater Recharge   Â
3.15        Concurrent Development of Groundwater and Surface Water Sources   Â
Surface Water   Â
3.16        An Introduction to Surface Water Quantity and Quality   Â
3.17        Surface Water Storage   Â
3.18        Reservoirs   Â
3.19        Losses from Storage   Â
3.20        Impacts of Climate Change on Global Hydrology   Â
Problems   Â
References   Â
Chapter 4   Alternative Sources of Water Supply   Â
4.1          Water Conservation   Â
4.2          Wastewater Reuse   Â
4.3          Stormwater Reuse   Â
4.4          Brackish and Saline Water Conversion   Â
4.5          Interbasin Transfers   Â
4.6          Other Relevant Technologies   Â
Problems  Â
References   Â
Chapter 5   Water Use Trends and Forecasting   Â
5.1          Water-Use Sectors   Â
5.2          Factors Affecting Water Use   Â
5.3          Water Use Trends   Â
5.4          Population   Â
5.5          Long-Term Water Use Forecasting   Â
Problems   Â
References   Â
Chapter 6   Conveying and Distributing Water   Â
Hydraulics   Â
6.1          Introduction to Hydraulics   Â
6.2          Uniform Flow   Â
6.3          Gradually Varied Flow and Surface Profiles   Â
6.4          Velocity   Â
Water Distribution Systems   Â
6.5          General Design Considerations   Â
6.6          Types of Distribution Systems   Â
6.7          Distribution System Components   Â
6.8          Distribution System Configutations   Â
Hydraulic Considerations   Â
6.8          Hydraulic Design   Â
Pressure Considerations   Â
6.9          General Design Sequence   Â
6.10        Distribution Reservoirs and Service Storage   Â
Pumping   Â
6.11        Pumping Head   Â
6.12        Power   Â
6.13        Cavitation   Â
6.14        System Head   Â
6.15        Pump Characteristics   Â
6.16        Pump Curves   Â
Problems   Â
References   Â
Chapter 7   Wastewater Collection and Stormwater Engineering   Â
Design of Sanitary Sewers   Â
7.1          House and Building Connections   Â
7.2          Collection Systems   Â
7.3          Intercepting Sewers   Â
7.4          Materials   Â
7.5          System Layout   Â
7.6          Hydraulic Design   Â
7.7          Protection Against Floodwaters   Â
7.8          Wastewater Pump Stations   Â
7.9          Inflow/Infiltration and Exfiltration   Â
Stormwater Management   Â
7.10        Rainfall   Â
7.11        Runoff   Â
7.12        Collection and Conveyance   Â
7.13        Storm Inlets   Â
7.14        Stable Channel Design   Â
7.15        Best Management Practices   Â
7.16        Detention Pond Design   Â
7.17        Retention Pond Design   Â
7.18        Sustainability and Low Impact Development   Â
7.19        Hydrologic and Hydraulic Modeling   Â
Â
Problems   Â
References   Â
Chapter 8   Water Quality  Â
Microbiological Quality   Â
8.1          Waterborne Diseases   Â
8.2          Coliform Bacteria as Indicator Organisms   Â
8.3          Monitoring Drinking Water for Pathogens   Â
               Chemical Quality of Drinking Water   Â
8.4          Assessment of Chemical Quality   Â
8.5          Chemical Contaminants   Â
Quality Criteria for Surface Waters   Â
8.6          Water Quality Standards   Â
8.7          Pollution Effects on Aquatic Life   Â
8.8          Conventional Water Pollutants   Â
8.9          Toxic Water Pollutants   Â
Selected Pollution Parameters   Â
8.10        Total and Suspended Solids  Â
8.11        Biochemical and Chemical Oxygen Demands   Â
8.12        Coliform Bacteria   Â
Problems   Â
References   Â
Chapter 9   Systems for Treating Wastewater and Water   Â
Wastewater Treatment Systems   Â
9.1          Purpose of Wastewater Treatment   Â
9.2          Selection of Treatment Processes   Â
Water Treatment Systems   Â
9.3          Water Sources   Â
9.4          Selection of Water Treatment Processes   Â
9.5          Types of Water Treatment Systems       Â
9.6          Water-Processing Residuals   Â
Chapter 10   Physical Treatment Processes   Â
Flow-Measuring Devices   Â
10.1        Measurement of Water Flow   Â
10.2        Measurement of Wastewater Flow   Â
Screening Devices  Â
10.3        Water-Intake Screens  Â
10.4        Screens in Wastewater Treatment   Â
10.5        Shredding Devices   Â
Mixing and Flocculation   Â
10.6        Rapid Mixing   Â
10.7        Flocculation   Â
Sedimentation   Â
10.8        Fundamentals of Sedimentation   Â
10.9        Types of Clarifiers   Â
10.10      Sedimentation in Water Treatment  Â
10.11      Sedimentation in Wastewater Treatment   Â
10.12      Grit Chambers in Wastewater Treatment   Â
Filtration  Â
10.13      Gravity Granular-Media Filtration   Â
10.14      Description of a Typical Gravity Filter System   Â
10.15      Flow Control Through Gravity Filters   Â
10.16      Head Losses Through Filter Media   Â
10.17      Backwashing and Media Fluidization   Â
10.18      Pressure Filters   Â
10.19      Membrane Filtration  Â
Problems   Â
References   Â
Chapter 11   Chemical Treatment Processes   Â
Chemical Considerations   Â
11.1        Inorganic Chemicals and Compounds   Â
11.2        Chemical Equilibria     Â
11.3        Hydrogen Ion Concentration   Â
11.4        Alkalinity and pH Relationships   Â
11.5        Ways of Shifting Chemical Equilibria   Â
11.6        Chemical Kinetics   Â
Reactions in Continuous-Flow Systems — Real and Ideal Reactors  Â
11.7        Mass Balance Analysis Â
11.8        Residence Time Distribution   Â
11.9        Ideal Reactors   Â
11.10      Real Reactors  Â
Coagulation   Â
11.11      Colloidal Dispersions   Â
11.12      Natural Organic Matter Â
11.13      Coagulation Process Â
11.14      Coagulants   Â
Water Softening   Â
11.15      Chemistry of Lime—Soda Ash Process   Â
11.16      Process Variations in Lime—Soda Ash Softening   Â
11.17      Other Methods of Water Softening   Â
Iron and Manganese Removal   Â
11.18      Chemistry of Iron and Manganese  Â
11.19      Preventive Treatment  Â
11.20      Iron and Manganese Removal Processes   Â
Disinfection and By-Product Formation   Â
11.21      Chlorine and Chloramines   Â
11.22      Chlorine Dioxide   Â
11.23      Ozone   Â
11.24Â Â Â Â Â Â Ultraviolet Radiation
11.25      Disinfection By-Products  Â
11.26      Control of Disinfection By-Products   Â
11.27      Disinfection/Disinfection By-Products Rule   Â
Disinfection of Potable Water   Â
11.28      Concept of the  Product   Â
11.29      Surface Water Disinfection   Â
11.30      Groundwater Disinfection   Â
Disinfection of Wastewater   Â
11.31      Conventional Effluent Disinfection   Â
11.32      Tertiary Effluent Disinfection   Â
Taste and Odor   Â
11.33      Control of Taste and Odor   Â
Fluoridation   Â
11.34      Fluoridation   Â
Corrosion and Corrosion Control   Â
11.35      Electrochemical Mechanism of Iron Corrosion   Â
11.36      Corrosion of Lead Pipe and Solder   Â
11.37      Corrosion of Sewer Pipes   Â
               Membrane Processes Â
11.38      Membrane Filtration Â
11.39      Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration Â
Volatile Organic Chemical Removal  Â
11.40      Design of Air-Stripping Towers   Â
Synthetic Organic Chemical Removal   Â
11.41      Activated Carbon Adsorption   Â
11.42      Granular Activated Carbon Systems   Â
 Reduction of Dissolved Salts   Â
11.43      Distillation of Seawater   Â
11.44      Ion Exchange Â
Problems   Â
References   Â
Chapter 12   Biological Treatment Processes   Â
Biological Considerations   Â
12.1        Bacteria and Fungi   Â
12.2        Algae   Â
12.3        Protozoa and Higher Animals   Â
12.4        Metabolism, Energy, and Synthesis   Â
12.5        Enzyme Kinetics   Â
12.6        Growth Kinetics of Pure Bacterial Cultures   Â
12.7        Biological Growth in Wastewater Treatment   Â
12.8        Factors Affecting Growth   Â
12.9        Population Dynamics   Â
Characteristics of Wastewater   Â
12.10      Flow and Strength Variations   Â
12.11      Composition of Wastewater   Â
Trickling (Biological) Filters   Â
12.12      Biological Process in Trickling Filtration   Â
12.13      Trickling-Filter Operation and Filter Media Requirements   Â
12.14      Trickling-Filter Secondary Systems   Â
12.15      Efficiency Equations for Stone-Media Trickling Filters   Â
12.16      Efficiency Equations for Plastic-Media Trickling Filters   Â
12.17      Combined Trickling-Filter and Activated-Sludge Processes   Â
12.18      Description of Rotating Biological Contactor Media and Process   Â
Activated Sludge   Â
12.19      BOD Loadings and Aeration Periods   Â
12.20      Operation of Activated-Sludge Processes   Â
12.21      Activated-Sludge Treatment Systems   Â
12.22      Kinetics Model of the Activated-Sludge Process   Â
12.23      Laboratory Determination of Kinetic Constants   Â
12.24      Application of the Kinetics Model in Process Design   Â
12.25      Oxygen Transfer and Oxygenation Requirements   Â
12.26      Determination of Oxygen Transfer Coefficients  Â
Stabilization Ponds   Â
12.27      Description of a Facultative Pond  Â
12.28      BOD Loadings of Facultative Ponds   Â
12.29      Advantages and Disadvantages of Stabilization Ponds   Â
12.30      Completely Mixed Aerated Lagoons  Â
Odor Control   Â
12.31      Sources of Odors in Wastewater Treatment   Â
12.32      Methods of Odor Control  Â
Individual On-Site Wastewater Disposal   Â
12.33      Septic Tank-Absorption Field System   Â
Marine Wastewater Disposal   Â
12.34      Ocean Outfalls   Â
Problems   Â
References   Â
Chapter 13   Processing of Sludges   Â
Sources, Characteristics, and Quantities of Waste Sludges   Â
13.1        Weight and Volume Relationships  Â
13.2        Characteristics and Quantities of Wastewater Sludges   Â
13.3        Characteristics and Quantities of Water-Processing Sludges   Â
Arrangement of Unit Processes in Sludge Disposal   Â
13.4        Selection of Processes for Wastewater Sludges   Â
13.5        Selection of Processes for Water Treatment Sludges   Â
Gravity Thickening   Â
13.6        Gravity Sludge Thickeners in Wastewater Treatment   Â
13.7        Gravity Sludge Thickeners in Water Treatment   Â
Gravity Belt Thickening  Â
13.8        Description of a Gravity Belt Thickener   Â
13.9        Layout of a Gravity Belt Thickener System   Â
13.10      Sizing of Gravity Belt Thickeners   Â
Flotation Thickening  Â
13.11      Description of Dissolved-Air Flotation   Â
13.12      Design of Dissolved-Air Flotation Units   Â
Biological Sludge Digestion   Â
13.13      Anaerobic Sludge Digestion   Â
13.14      Single-Stage Floating-Cover Digesters   Â
13.15      High-Rate (Completely Mixed) Digesters   Â
13.16      Volatile Solids Loadings and Digester Capacity  Â
13.17      Aerobic Sludge Digestion  Â
13.18      Open-Air Drying Beds   Â
13.19      Composting   Â
Pressure Filtration  Â
13.20      Description of Belt Filter Press Dewatering   Â
13.21      Application of Belt Filter Dewatering   Â
13.22      Sizing of Belt Filter Presses   Â
13.23      Description of Filter Press Dewatering  Â
13.24      Application of Pressure Filtration   Â
Centrifugation  Â
13.25      Description of Centrifugation   Â
13.26      Applications of Centrifugation   Â
Cycling of Waste Solids in Treatment Plants   Â
13.27      Suspended-Solids Removal Efficiency   Â
Final Disposal or Use   Â
13.28      Land Application   Â
13.29      Codisposal in a Municipal Solid-Waste Landfill   Â
13.30      Surface Land Disposal   Â
Problems   Â
References   Â
Chapter 14   Advanced Wastewater Treatment Processes and Water Reuse   Â
Limitations of Secondary Treatment   Â
14.1        Effluent Standards   Â
14.2        Flow Equalization   Â
Selection of Advanced Wastewater Treatment Processes   Â
14.3        Selecting and Combining Unit Processes   Â
Suspended-Solids Removal  Â
14.4        Granular-Media Filtration   Â
14.5        Direct Filtration with Chemical Coagulation   Â
Carbon Adsorption   Â
14.6        Granular-Carbon Columns   Â
14.7        Activated-Sludge Treatment with Powdered Activated Carbon   Â
Phosphorus Removal   Â
14.8        Biological Phosphorus Removal   Â
14.9        Biological—Chemical Phosphorus Removal   Â
14.10      Tracing Phosphorus Through Treatment Processes  Â
Nitrogen Removal   Â
14.11      Tracing Nitrogen Through Treatment Processes   Â
14.12      Biological Nitrification   Â
14.13      Biological Denitrification  Â
14.14      Single-Sludge Biological Nitrification-Denitrification   Â
Water Reuse   Â
14.15      Water Quality and Reuse Applications   Â
14.16      Agricultural Irrigation   Â
14.17      Agricultural Irrigation Reuse, Tallahassee, Florida   Â
14.18      Citrus Irrigation and Groundwater Recharge, Orange County and City of Orlando, Florida   Â
14.19      Urban Reuse   Â
14.20      Urban Reuse, St. Petersburg, Florida   Â
14.21      Indirect Reuse to Augment Drinking Water Supply  Â
14.22      Fred Hervey Water Reclamation Plant, El Paso, Texas  Â
14.23      Direct Injection for Potable Supply, El Paso, Texas  Â
14.24      Water Factory 21 and Groundwater Replenishment System, Orange County, California  Â
Problems  Â
References  Â
Appendix Â
Index   Â
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