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  3. Next Generation Application Integration: From Simple Information to Web Services

Next Generation Application Integration: From Simple Information to Web Services, 1st edition

  • David S. Linthicum

Published by Addison-Wesley Professional (August 15th 2003) - Copyright © 2004

1st edition

Overview

"Linthicum provides an insightful overview of the services-integration issues that will enable you to capitalize on current and future integration technologies. He also dives deep into the key Web services technologies for implementing the next generation integration architecture. Highly recommended for those thinking of moving from traditional EAI to Web services."
--Dr. Ravi Kalakota, CEO, E-Business Strategies
Author of Services Blueprint: Roadmap for Execution

For a majority of businesses, application integration is an outright failure. Most companies' computer systems are labyrinthine at best and self-destructive at worst. With the arrival of Web services, the new service-oriented middleware technology standard, and increasingly complex and challenging problem domains, it's time to take application integration to the next level.

In Next Generation Application Integration distributed computing and application-integration expert David S. Linthicum describes the effect that this new generation of middleware will have on traditional application-integration efforts. Using key industry examples and case studies, Linthicum reveals the techniques and practices that are necessary to revolutionize data-sharing for any company--from sole-proprietorship to Fortune 500.

In this book you'll find a thorough discussion of today's most advanced application-integration concepts, approaches, technologies, and solutions. Written with the technical manager and enterprise architect in mind, this book addresses essential application integration issues such as:

  • Strategies for dealing with complex problem domains
  • Forward-looking approaches to ensure long-term solutions that are right for your company
  • Techniques for implementation of new Web services middleware
  • Introductions to the appropriate technologies for next generation application integration
  • Scenarios for Web services integration
  • Support concepts outlined by case studies and real-world examples
  • Descriptions and analyses of the different types of Web service integration--standards, implementation, and enabling technology
  • Full analysis of Web services and integration, including the relationship between EAI and Web services
  • How to leverage both vertical and horizontal application-integration standards

If you're responsible for managing or implementing application-integration middleware, Next Generation Application Integration will prove to be an indispensable resource.



0201844567B07142003

Table of contents



Preface.


Acknowledgments.


1. Approaching Application Integration.

Moving from Information-Oriented to Service-Oriented Application Integration.

Application Integration Approaches.

Information-Oriented.

Business Process Integration-Oriented.

Service-Oriented.

Portal-Oriented.

Application Integration: Clearly the Future. @PARTHEAD -= I. TYPES OF APPLICATION INTEGRATION.


2. Information-Oriented Application Integration.

Coupling versus Cohesion.

It's Just Data.

IOAI: The Gory Details.

Information Producers and Consumers: Common Patterns.

Database.

Application.

User Interface.

Embedded Device.

Approaching Information Integration.

Identify the Data.

The Data Dictionary.

Catalog the Data.

Logical Model.

Building the Enterprise Metadata Model.

Normalizing the Problem Domain.

Working with Information-Oriented Application Integration.


3. Business Process Integration-Oriented Application Integration.

BPIOAI Defined.

Drilling Down on BPIOAI?

Implementing BPIOIAI.

Tools and Approaches.

Process Modeling.

Middleware Interfaces.

BPIOAI and Application Integration.


4. Service-Oriented Application Integration.

The Basics.

Enter Web Services.

Web Services Exposed.

Where's the Fit?

Scenarios.

Understanding Service Frameworks.

Moving to Application Services.


5. Portal-Oriented Application Integration.

POAI by Example.

Portal Power.

Web-Enabled World.

Single-System Portals.

Multiple-Enterprise-System Portals.

Trading Community.

Portal Architecture.

Web Clients.

Web Servers.

Database Servers.

Back-End Applications.

Application Servers.

Portals and Application Integration. @PARTHEAD -= II. APPLICATION INTEGRATION TECHNOLOGY.


6. Middleware Basics.

What Is Middleware?

Middleware Models.

Point-to-Point Middleware.

Many-to-Many Middleware.

Synchronous versus Asynchronous.

Connection-Oriented and Connectionless.

Direct Communication.

Queued Communication.

Publish/Subscribe.

Request Response.

Fire and Forget.

Types of Middleware.

RPCs.

Message-Oriented Middleware.

Distributed Objects.

Database-Oriented Middleware.

Transaction-Oriented Middleware.

TP Monitors.

Application Servers.

Integration Servers.

Tough Choices.


7. Middleware Types and Application Integration: What Works Where?

Transactional Middleware and Application Integration.

Notion of a Transaction.

The ACID Test.

Scalable Development.

Database Multiplexing.

Load Balancing.

Fault Tolerance.

Communication.

Application Servers.

Evolving Transactions.

Enterprise JavaBeans.

Transactional COM+ (Using AppCenter).

RPCs, Messaging, and Application Integration.

RPCs.

Message-Oriented Middleware.

Future of MOM.

Distributed Objects and Application Integration.

What Works?

What's So Difficult?

What's So Easy?

What's a Distributed Object?

The General Idea of ORBs.

COM+.

The Realities.

Database-Oriented Middleware and Application Integration.

What Is Database-Oriented Middleware?

Types of Database-Oriented Middleware.

Going Native.

Database Gateways.

EDA/SQL.

Ready for Prime Time.


8. Java-Based Middleware Standards and Application Integration.

Java-Based Middleware Categories.

Database Oriented.

Interprocess.

Message Oriented.

Messaging Models.

JMS and Application Development.

Application Hosting.

Connectivity.

J2EE.

Transactional J2EE.

Messaging J2EE.

Distributed Application J2EE.

Java and Middleware.


9. Integration Servers and Application Integration.

Integration Servers Defined.

Integration Server Services.

Why a New Layer?

Applications, Databases, and Middleware.

Transformation Layer.

Schema Conversion.

Data Conversion.

Intelligent Routing.

Rules Processing.

Message Warehousing.

Repository Services.

User Interface.

Directory Services.

Management.

Adapters.

Other Features.

Topologies.

The Future of Application Integration and Integration Servers.


10. Adapters and the J2EE Connector Architecture.

The Purpose of Adapters.

Thin Adapters.

Thick Adapters.

Static and Dynamic Adapters.

Information-Oriented versus Service-Oriented Adapters.

Interface Types.

JCA.

Breaking Down JCA.

Understanding JCA Resource Adapters.

Packaging Your JCA Adapter.

CCI.

Adaptable World. @PARTHEAD -= III. APPLICATION INTEGRATION STANDARDS.


11. XML, XSLT, and Application Integration.

So, What's the Big Deal?

The Value of XML.

What XML Adds.

What XML Does Not Add.

XML Meets Middleware.

Integration Solutions.

XML-Enabled Standards.

Using XSLT for B2B Application Integration.

What Is XSLT?

The Mechanisms.

XSLT Processors and Processing.

Transformation Process.

XSLT Applications.

Schema Conversions.

Converting XML to Something Else, and Vice Versa.

XSLT and Application Integration.

XML and Application Integration.


12. ebXML and Application Integration.

ebXML for Trade.

ebXML Components.

ebXML Architecture.

Business Process Modeling.

Conformance to ebXML.

ebFuture.


13. bPEL4WS and Application Integration.

The BPEL4WS Basics.

BPEL4WS and WSDL.

BPEL4WS Process Syntax.

Exception Handling.

Life Cycle.

Message Properties.

Correlation.

Data Handling.

BPEL4WS by Example.

Value of BPEL4WS.


14. UCCnet and RosettaNet: Supply Chain Integration Standards.

Categories of Standards.

UCCnet: The Basics.

UCCnet Components.

UCCnet Message Set.

UCCnet: A Contender?

RosettaNet.

RosettaNet History.

What's RosettaNet?

Business Process Analysis.

PIP Development.

Dictionaries.

It's the PIP.

The Technology.

PIP Communication.

PIP Message Structure.

RosettaNet Networked Application Protocols.

RosettaNet and B2B Application Integration.

Supply Chain Standards Moving Forward.


15. SOAP, WSDL, and UDDI, Oh My . . . Web Services Foundations and Application Integration.

SOAP.

WSDL.

UDDI.

Web Services as an Enabling Standard.


16. Other Standards.

WS-Security.

XML Encryption.

XML Signature.

XKMS.

SAML.

XrML.

Playing the Standards Game. @PARTHEAD -= IV. ADVANCED TOPICS.


17. The "Verticalization" of Application Integration Technology.

A Huge Shift in Thinking.

Approaching Finance with STP.

GSTPA.

Omgeo.

SWIFT.

Approaching Health Care with HIPPA.

Approaching Manufacturing, Retail, and Distribution with Supply Chain Integration.

Value of the Chain.

Supply Chain Entities.

Defining Your Supply Chain.

Forecasting and Supply Chains.

Extending Applications.

Binding the Home System to a Stranger's.

The Process.

Supply Chain Technology.

It's a Vertically Aligned World.


18. 12 Steps to Application Integration.

Step 1: Understand the Enterprise and Problem Domain.

Step 2: Make Sense of the Data.

Identify the Data.

The Data Dictionary.

Catalog the Data.

Build the Enterprise Metadata Model.

Logical Model.

Physical Model.

Normalizing the Enterprise.

Step 3: Make Sense of the Processes.

Process Integration.

Process Cataloging.

The Common Business Model.

Leveraging Patterns for Service-Oriented Application Integration.

Types of Patterns.

Application-to-Application Integration.

The Value of Patterns.

Step 4: Identify any Application Interfaces.

Application Interface Directory.

Step 5: Identify the Business Events.

Step 6: Identify the Data Transformation Scenarios.

Step 7: Map Information Movement.

Step 8: Apply Technology.

Step 9: Test, Test, Test.

Step 10: Consider Performance.

Step 11: Define the Value.

Step 12: Create Maintenance Procedures.

Method or Madness?


19. Leveraging Ontologies and Application Integration.

Ontologies: A Deeper Dive.

Finding the Information.

Ontology Treatment.

Web-Based Standards and Ontologies.

Types of Vertical Ontologies.

Value of Ontologies.


20. Application Integration Manifesto.

Mandatory.

Connectivity.

Support for Information-Oriented Connections.

Support for Service-Oriented Connections (a.k.a. Web Services).

Support for Coupling.

Support for Cohesion.

Support for Transaction-Oriented Connections.

Support for Abstraction.

Transformation.

Support for Differences in Application Semantics.

Support for Differences in Content.

Support for Abstract Data Types.

Information Routing.

Intelligent Routing.

Filters.

Persistence.

Logging.

Message Warehousing.

Transactionality.

Short-Term Transactions.

Long-Term Transactions.

State Management.

Process Awareness.

Support for Modeling.

Support for Monitoring (a.k.a. Business Activity Monitoring).

Support for Optimization.

Support for Abstraction.

Need for Rules.


Glossary.


Appendix A. PIP Specification.


Appendix B. Where XML Fits with Application Integration.

Understanding the Application Integration Problem.

Integration Realities and XML.

XML Meets Middleware.

Integration Solutions.

XML Standards and Application Integration.

XML and Application Integration.


Appendix C. Knowledge-Oriented Middleware.

The Next Level of Middleware.

Layers.


Bibliography.


Index.

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