Cell differentiation always involves
a. Transcription of the myoD gene.
b. The movement of cells.
c. The production of tissue-specific proteins.
d. The selective loss of certain genes from the genome.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of cell differentiation: Cell differentiation is the process by which a less specialized cell becomes a more specialized cell type. It is crucial for the development of tissues and organs in multicellular organisms.
2. Consider the role of gene expression in differentiation: Differentiation involves changes in gene expression, where specific genes are turned on or off to produce proteins necessary for the cell's specialized function.
3. Evaluate the options: a) Transcription of the myoD gene is specific to muscle cell differentiation, not all cell types. b) Movement of cells is related to morphogenesis, not directly to differentiation. c) Production of tissue-specific proteins is a hallmark of differentiation, as different cell types produce different proteins. d) Selective loss of genes is not a mechanism of differentiation; all cells retain the full genome.
4. Focus on the production of tissue-specific proteins: During differentiation, cells produce proteins that are specific to their function, such as hemoglobin in red blood cells or insulin in pancreatic cells.
5. Conclude that the production of tissue-specific proteins is a universal aspect of cell differentiation, making option c the most accurate choice.

Key Concepts

Cell Differentiation

Cell differentiation is the process by which a less specialized cell becomes a more specialized cell type. It is crucial for the development of multicellular organisms, allowing cells to acquire specific functions. This process involves changes in gene expression, enabling cells to produce proteins necessary for their specialized roles.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize functional gene products, typically proteins. This process is tightly regulated and involves transcription and translation. In cell differentiation, specific genes are expressed to produce proteins that define the cell's function and identity.

Tissue-Specific Proteins

Tissue-specific proteins are proteins that are expressed in particular cell types, contributing to the unique functions of those tissues. During cell differentiation, the production of these proteins is a key step, as they enable cells to perform specialized tasks, such as muscle contraction or nerve impulse transmission, depending on the tissue type.