Textbook Question
A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is
a. A sperm
b. An egg
c. A zygote
d. A somatic cell of a male
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Ch. 13 - Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Urry11th EditionCampbell BiologyISBN: 9789357423311
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry8
- Ch. 2 - The Chemical Context of Life8
- Ch. 3 - Water and Life6
- Ch. 4 - Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life9
- Ch. 5 - The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules9
- Ch. 6 - A Tour of the Cell6
- Ch. 7 - Membrane Structure and Function6
- Ch. 8 - An Introduction to Metabolism6
- Ch. 9 - Cellular Respiration and Fermentation10
- Ch. 10 - Photosynthesis7
- Ch. 11 - Cell Communication7
- Ch. 12 - The Cell Cycle10
- Ch. 13 - Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles10
- Ch. 14 - Mendel and the Gene Idea14
- Ch, 15 - The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance7
- Ch. 16 - The Molecular Basis of Inheritance9
- Ch. 17 - Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein9
- Ch. 18 - Regulation of Gene Expression10
- Ch. 19 - Viruses6
- Ch. 20 - DNA Tools and Biotechnology8
- Ch. 21 - Genomes and Their Evolution8
- Ch. 22 - Descent with Modification: A Darwininan View of Life6
- Ch. 23 - The Evolution of Populations5
- Ch. 24 - The Origin of Species6
- Ch. 25 - The History of Life on Earth6
- Ch. 26 - Phylogeny and the Tree of Life7
- Ch. 27 - Bacteria and Archaea8
- Ch. 28 - Protists7
- Ch. 29 - Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land7
- Ch. 30 - Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants7
- Ch. 31 - Fungi5
- Ch. 32 - An Overview of Animal Diversity4
- Ch. 33 - An introduction to Invertebrates6
- Ch. 34 - The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates7
- Ch. 35 - Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development8
- Ch. 36 - Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants8
- Ch. 37 - Soil and Plant Nutrition10
- Ch. 38 - Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology8
- Ch. 39 - Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals8
- Ch. 40 - Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function8
- Ch. 41 - Animal Nutrition7
- Ch. 42 - Circulation and Gas Exchange7
- Ch. 43 - The Immune System6
- Ch. 44 - Osmoregulation and Excretion6
- Ch. 45 - Hormones and the Endocrine System8
- Ch. 46 - Animal Reproduction8
- Ch. 47 - Animal Development8
- Ch. 48 - Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling6
- Ch. 49 - Nervous Systems8
- Ch. 50 - Sensory and Motor Mechanisms5
- Ch. 51 Animal Behavior6
- Ch. 52 - An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere7
- Ch. 53 - Population Ecology10
- Ch. 54 - Community Ecology9
- Ch. 55 - Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology8
- Ch. 56 - Conservation Biology and Global Change6
Chapter 13, Problem 4
If the DNA content of a diploid cell in the G1 phase of the cell cycle is x, then the DNA content of the same cell at metaphase of meiosis I will be
a. 0.25x
b. 0.5x
c. x
d. 2x
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the cell cycle phases: In the G1 phase, the cell is diploid with a DNA content of x. During the S phase, DNA replication occurs, doubling the DNA content to 2x.
Recognize the stages of meiosis: Meiosis consists of two divisions, meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I is where homologous chromosomes are separated.
Focus on metaphase of meiosis I: At this stage, the cell has completed DNA replication, so the DNA content is still 2x, but homologous chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate.
Consider the chromosome number: Although the DNA content is 2x, the cell is preparing to divide into two cells, each with a haploid set of chromosomes.
Conclude the DNA content at metaphase of meiosis I: Since the DNA has been replicated but not yet divided, the DNA content remains at 2x during metaphase of meiosis I.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Cell Cycle Phases
The cell cycle consists of stages that a cell goes through to divide and replicate. G1 phase is the first gap phase where the cell grows and prepares for DNA replication. Understanding the DNA content during different phases, such as G1 and metaphase, is crucial for determining changes in DNA quantity during cell division processes like meiosis.
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Phases of The Krebs Cycle
Meiosis I
Meiosis I is the first division in meiosis, where homologous chromosomes are separated into two daughter cells. During metaphase I, chromosomes align at the metaphase plate, and the cell is still diploid, containing two sets of chromosomes. This phase is essential for understanding how DNA content changes as cells prepare to divide.
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DNA Content in Meiosis
DNA content changes during meiosis as cells undergo division. In the G1 phase, a diploid cell has a DNA content of x. By metaphase of meiosis I, the cell has duplicated its DNA during the preceding S phase, resulting in a DNA content of 2x, as homologous chromosomes are paired but not yet separated.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
The two homologs of a pair move toward opposite poles of the dividing cell during
a. Mitosis
b. Meiosis I
c. Meiosis II
d. Fertilization
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Textbook Question
Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in that
a. Sister chromatids separate during anaphase
b. DNA replicates before the division
c. The daughter cells are diploid
d. Homologous chromosomes synapse
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Textbook Question
If we continue to follow the cell lineage from question 4, then the DNA content of a single cell at metaphase of meiosis II will be
a. 0.25x
b. 0.5x
c. x.
d. 2x
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Textbook Question
The diagram shows a cell in meiosis. Label the appropriate structures with these terms: chromosome (label as duplicated or unduplicated), centromere, kinetochore, sister chromatids, nonsister chromatids, homologous pair (use a bracket when labeling), homolog (label each one), chiasma, sister chromatid cohesion, and gene loci, labeling the alleles of the F and H genes.
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Textbook Question
The diagram shows a cell in meiosis. Describe the makeup of a haploid set and a diploid set.
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