Textbook Question
Many frogs and mice are similar in size, yet a frog egg is vastly larger than a mouse egg. Propose a plausible explanation for this difference in the egg size.
792
views
Ch. 47 - Animal Reproduction and Development
Freeman8th EditionBiological ScienceISBN: 9780138276263
Not the one you use?Change textbookSelect a different textbook
Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - Biology: The Study of Life13
- Ch. 2 - Water and Carbon: The Chemical Basis of Life14
- Ch.3 - Protein Structure and Function10
- Ch.4 - Nucleic Acids and the RNA World10
- Ch. 5 - An Introduction to Carbohydrates10
- Ch. 6 - Lipids, Membranes, and the First Cells11
- Ch. 7 - Inside the Cell10
- Ch. 8 - Energy and Enzymes: An Introduction to Metabolism10
- Ch. 9 - Cellular Respiration and Fermentation11
- Ch. 10 - Photosynthesis12
- Ch. 11 - Cell-Cell Interactions12
- Ch. 12 - The Cell Cycle8
- Ch. 13 - Meiosis12
- Ch. 14 - Mendel and the Gene23
- Ch. 15 - DNA and the Gene: Synthesis and Repair15
- Ch. 16 - How Genes Work16
- Ch. 17 - Transcription, RNA Processing, and Translation16
- Ch. 18 - Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria16
- Ch. 19 - Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes12
- Ch. 20 - The Molecular Revolution: Biotechnology, Genomics, and New Frontiers15
- Ch. 21 - Genes, Development, and Evolution12
- Ch. 22 - Evolution by Natural Selection16
- Ch. 23 - Evolutionary Processes13
- Ch. 24 - Speciation15
- Ch. 25 - Phylogenies and the History of Life13
- Ch. 26 - Bacteria and Archaea15
- Ch. 27 - Diversification of Eukaryotes16
- Ch. 28 - Green Algae and Land Plants16
- Ch. 29 - Fungi18
- Ch. 30 - An Introduction to Animals9
- Ch. 31 - Protostome Animals15
- Ch. 32 - Deuterostome Animals17
- Ch. 33 - Viruses16
- Ch. 34 - Plant Form and Function16
- Ch. 35 - Water and Sugar Transport in Plants16
- Ch. 36 - Plant Nutrition13
- Ch. 37 - Plant Sensory Systems, Signals, and Responses16
- Ch. 38 - Flowering Plant Reproduction and Development16
- Ch. 39 - Animal Form and Function17
- Ch. 40 - Water and Electrolyte Balance in Animals16
- Ch. 41 - Animal Nutrition16
- Ch. 42 - Gas Exchange and Circulation16
- Ch. 43 - Animal Nervous Systems16
- Ch. 44 - Animal Sensory Systems16
- Ch. 45 - Animal Movement11
- Ch. 46 - Chemical Signals in Animals16
- Ch. 47 - Animal Reproduction and Development16
- Ch. 48 - The Immune System in Animals16
- Ch. 49 - An Introduction to Ecology15
- Ch. 50 - Behavioral Ecology16
- Ch. 51 - Population Ecology16
- Ch. 52 - Community Ecology20
- Ch. 53 - Ecosystems and Global Ecology17
- Ch. 54 - Biodiversity and Conservation Ecology18
Chapter 47, Problem 9
Propose an experiment to test the hypothesis that cells from only one region of a frog blastula form the ectoderm. What results from this experiment would support this hypothesis?
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the hypothesis. The hypothesis states that cells from only one region of a frog blastula form the ectoderm. The ectoderm is the outermost layer of cells or tissue of an embryo in early development, or the parts derived from this, which include the epidermis, and nerve tissue.
Step 2: Design the experiment. One way to test this hypothesis is through a technique called fate mapping. This involves marking cells in a specific region of the blastula and then tracking where these cells end up in the later stages of development. In this case, you would mark cells in one region of the frog blastula and then observe whether these cells form the ectoderm.
Step 3: Conduct the experiment. Use a non-toxic dye or a fluorescent protein to mark the cells in the specific region of the frog blastula. Then, allow the frog embryo to develop normally.
Step 4: Observe and record the results. After the frog embryo has developed, observe where the marked cells have ended up. If the marked cells form the ectoderm, this would support the hypothesis.
Step 5: Analyze and interpret the results. If the marked cells are found in the ectoderm, this would support the hypothesis that cells from only one region of a frog blastula form the ectoderm. If the marked cells are found in other layers as well, this would suggest that cells from other regions can also contribute to the formation of the ectoderm.
Verified video answer for a similar problem:
This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above.
Video duration:
2mWas this helpful?
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Blastula Development
The blastula is an early stage of embryonic development characterized by a hollow sphere of cells. In frogs, this stage is crucial as it sets the foundation for the differentiation of germ layers, including ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Understanding the structure and function of the blastula is essential for designing experiments that investigate cell fate and lineage.
Recommended video:
Guided course
07:18
Cleavage and Blastulation
Ectoderm Formation
The ectoderm is one of the three primary germ layers formed during embryogenesis, giving rise to structures such as the skin and nervous system. In frogs, ectodermal cells are typically derived from specific regions of the blastula. Identifying the role of these regions in ectoderm formation is critical for testing the hypothesis regarding cell differentiation.
Recommended video:
Guided course
03:08Formation & Breakdown of Polysaccharides
Experimental Design in Developmental Biology
Experimental design in developmental biology involves creating controlled experiments to test hypotheses about cell differentiation and fate. Techniques such as cell labeling, transplantation, or manipulation of specific blastula regions can provide insights into which cells contribute to the ectoderm. Analyzing the outcomes of these experiments helps validate or refute the proposed hypothesis.
Recommended video:
Guided course
02:50Experimental Design Example 1
Related Practice
Textbook Question
How do spermatogenesis and oogenesis in humans differ with respect to numbers of cells produced, gamete size, and timing of the second meiotic division?
1228
views
Textbook Question
Give examples of negative and positive feedback in hormonal control of the human menstrual cycle. Why can a high estradiol level be considered a 'readiness' signal from a follicle?
1398
views
Textbook Question
The BMI z-score is a relative measure of body mass index (BMI) that takes into account age. Higher values represent heavier individuals for a given height. The table here shows the BMI z-score of pre- and post-pubertal girls at three ages.
Which of the following conclusions can you draw from the data?
a. At a given age, there are more girls with low BMI z-scores than with high BMI z-scores.
b. At a given age, girls with high BMI z-scores are more likely to have begun puberty than girls with low BMI z-scores.
c. Girls 11, 12, and 13 years of age are equally likely to have begun puberty.
d. There is no relationship between BMI z-score and age of beginning puberty.
1628
views
Textbook Question
<Image>
In the 1960s, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved a contraceptive that allowed women to plan desired pregnancies and prevent unwanted pregnancies. Oral hormonal contraception ('the pill') uses synthetic hormones similar in structure to progesterone and/or estradiol. What is the pill's mechanism of action?
Which of the following is the most effective form of contraception?
a. Condom
b. Diaphragm
c. Withdrawal
d. The pill
548
views
Textbook Question
<Image>
In the 1960s, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved a contraceptive that allowed women to plan desired pregnancies and prevent unwanted pregnancies. Oral hormonal contraception ('the pill') uses synthetic hormones similar in structure to progesterone and/or estradiol. What is the pill's mechanism of action?
Use your knowledge of the hormonal regulation of reproduction to predict the effect of a daily synthetic progesterone pill on (a) pituitary secretion of LH and FSH, and (b) ovarian secretion of estradiol and progesterone.
542
views